Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36614353›Full record

ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Chemical and Physical Modification of Lignin for Green Polymeric Composite Materials.

Karolina Komisarz, Tomasz M Majka, Krzysztof Pielichowski

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. The Influence ofMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Karolina KomisarzDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6456-9365
Tomasz M MajkaDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7913-0750
Krzysztof PielichowskiDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7122-201X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lignin, a valuable polymer of natural origin, displays numerous desired intrinsic properties; however, modification processes leading to the value-added products suitable for composite materials' applications are in demand. Chemical modification routes involve mostly reactions with hydroxyl groups present in the structure of lignin, but other paths, such as copolymerization or grafting, are also utilized. On the other hand, physical techniques, such as irradiation, freeze-drying, and sorption, to enhance the surface properties of lignin and the resulting composite materials, are developed. Various kinds of chemically or physically modified lignin are discussed in this review and their effects on the properties of polymeric (bio)materials are presented. Lignin-induced enhancements in green polymer composites, such as better dimensional stability, improved hydrophobicity, and improved mechanical properties, along with biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity, have been presented. This review addresses the challenges connected with the efficient modification of lignin, which depends on polymer origin and the modification conditions. Finally, future outlooks on modified lignins as useful materials on their own and as prospective biofillers for environmentally friendly polymeric materials are presented.

Indexed as

biocompositesbiopolymerschemical modificationligninphysical modification

Identifiers

PMID36614353
PMCPMC9821536

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.