ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Four-Dimensional Printing and Shape Memory Materials in Bone Tissue Engineering.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emerging engineering strategies in bone organoids: From biomimetic scaffolds to dynamic microenvironmental stimulation.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Tracheal Tissue Engineering: Advances and Challenges.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advanced additive manufacturing in orthopedics: a comprehensive review of biomaterials, structural design, biological functions and clinical technology applications.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Four-Dimensional Printing of Shape Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications: Advances in DLP and SLA Manufacturing.Polymers · 2025Review
- Shape memory hydrogels in tissue engineering: Recent advances and challenges.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Review
- Innovative Smart Materials in Restorative Dentistry.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- 4D printing polymeric biomaterials for adaptive tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- 4D fabrication of shape-changing systems for tissue engineering: state of the art and perspectives.Progress in additive manufacturing · 2025Review
- Nanostructures in Orthopedics: Advancing Diagnostics, Targeted Therapies, and Tissue Regeneration.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- 3D Bioprinting of Graphene Oxide-Incorporated Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Regeneration.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Biomimetic Scaffolds-A Novel Approach to Three Dimensional Cell Culture Techniques for Potential Implementation in Tissue Engineering.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- 3D and 4D assembly of functional structures using shape-morphing materials for biological applications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- 4D Printing: The Development of Responsive Materials Using 3D-Printing Technology.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Advanced Hydrogel-Based Strategies for Enhanced Bone and Cartilage Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Research advances in bioactive bone graft materials and bone marrow enrichment techniques for bone defect treatment.Cell transplantationReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The repair of severe bone defects is still a formidable clinical challenge, requiring the implantation of bone grafts or bone substitute materials. The development of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has received considerable attention in bone tissue engineering over the past decade. However, 3D printing has a limitation. It only takes into account the original form of the printed scaffold, which is inanimate and static, and is not suitable for dynamic organisms. With the emergence of stimuli-responsive materials, four-dimensional (4D) printing has become the next-generation solution for biological tissue engineering. It combines the concept of time with three-dimensional printing. Over time, 4D-printed scaffolds change their appearance or function in response to environmental stimuli (physical, chemical, and biological). In conclusion, 4D printing is the change of the fourth dimension (time) in 3D printing, which provides unprecedented potential for bone tissue repair. In this review, we will discuss the latest research on shape memory materials and 4D printing in bone tissue repair.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.