SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Association between Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Osteoporosis Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Cadmium toxicity-related metabolic bone disease: a clinical conundrum of five cases.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Cadmium, Iron Deficiency Anemia and Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia Due to Intravenous Iron Supplementation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Dietary risk analysis of heavy metal and metalloid pollution in rice: case study of Nanning City in China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Heavy Metal Contamination and Its Effects on Ecosystems and Human Health: Challenges and Solutions.Toxics · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- The Preventive Impact of Chokeberry (Nutrients · 2025Article
- Three-year assessment of cadmium exposure and bone mineral density changes in cadmium-contaminated areas in northwestern Thailand.PloS one · 2025Article
- The therapeutic mechanism of Compound Lurong Jiangu Capsule for the treatment of cadmium-induced osteoporosis: network pharmacology and experimental verification.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- A multi-year heavy metal analysis of 72 dark chocolate and cocoa products in the USA.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- The Relationship between Cadmium Exposure and Mortality in Postmenopausal Females: A Cohort Study of 2001-2018 NHANES.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Breastmilk cadmium levels and estimated infant exposure: a multicenter study of associated factors in a resource-limited country.International breastfeeding journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common and serious health issue among postmenopausal women. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis study to determine whether environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) is a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. A PROSPERO-registered review of the literature was performed on studies evaluating the relationship between urinary Cd (UCd) concentration, an indicator of long-term Cd exposure, and bone mineral density or osteoporosis in women aged 50 years and older. PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Science, and B-on databases were searched for articles published between 2008 and 2021. The association between UCd levels and osteoporosis risk was assessed by pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effect models. Ten cross-sectional studies were included in the qualitative analysis, of which five were used for meta-analysis. We separately assessed the risk of osteoporosis in women exposed to Cd at low environmental levels (n = 5895; UCd ≥ 0.5 μg/g creatinine versus UCd < 0.5 μg/g creatinine) and high environmental levels (n = 1864; UCd ≥ 5 μg/g creatinine versus UCd < 5 μg/g creatinine). The pooled OR for postmenopausal osteoporosis was 1.95 (95% CI: 1.39−2.73, p < 0.001) in the low exposure level group and 1.99 (95% CI: 1.04−3.82, p = 0.040) in the high exposure level group. This study indicates that environmental Cd exposure, even at low levels, may be a risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Further research based on prospective studies is needed to validate these findings.
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