ReviewCancers2022
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors versus tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors alone in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- CyberKnife SBRT plus lenvatinib and tislelizumab versus doublet systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion: A real-world IPTW-adjusted study.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2027Article
- Immunotherapy for virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: recent progress and future directions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- External Beam Radiation Therapy for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Review
- Risk Stratification and Contemporary Predictors of Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Transarterial Radioembolization.Gastroenterology research · 2025Article
- Piezo1: the Potential Novel Target for Radiation-induced Liver Fibrosis by Regulating FAP + fibroblasts.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Use in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Real-World Analysis of Efficacy and Toxicity.Cancers · 2025Article
- Outcomes with radiotherapy in multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis.BJR open · 2025Article
- Article
- Current research status of transarterial therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody and anti-CTLA-4 antibody in cancer therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Loco-Regional Treatments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Ready for Prime Time?Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Conduction and validation of a novel mitotic spindle assembly related signature in hepatocellular carcinoma: prognostic prediction, tumor immune microenvironment and drug susceptibility.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- The multikinase inhibitor axitinib in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: the current clinical applications and the molecular mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Editorial: Immunological characteristics of malignant tumors of the hepatobiliary system and identification of immunotherapy targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) must be explored to treat advanced primary liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Limited retrospective reviews and case reports/series suggest this combination can be effective and safe in both cancer types. With ICIs moving into the first line (IMbrave 150, HIMALAYA, and TOPAZ-1) to manage these cancers, identifying a suitable population for this approach is challenging. Patients with macrovascular invasion (MVI)-positive HCC (especially if larger veins are involved) or recurrent HCCs post-locoregional therapies (such as transarterial radioembolization (TARE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), or ablation), as well as those ineligible for bevacizumab or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), should be the focus of exploring this combination in HCC. Unresectable or oligometastatic CCA patients who cannot tolerate gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC) or those who progressed on GC without durvalumab and do not have targetable mutations could also be considered for this approach. In both HCC and CCA disease groups, SBRT plus ICI can be examined post-ICI as these two modalities act synergistically to enhance anti-tumor activity (based on pre-clinical studies). Large-scale randomized trials are needed to identify the subsets of primary liver cancers suitable for this approach and to clearly define its clinical benefit.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.