ReviewCells2023
Probiotics Mechanism of Action on Immune Cells and Beneficial Effects on Human Health.
Review in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 472 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
472 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 724 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic Supplementation and Its Impact on Atopic Dermatitis and Related Conditions in Infants and Children: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analyses.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Pooled it
- Diet and Exercise Interventions in Pediatric Cancer Survivors and Effects on Cardiometabolic Disease Risk and Inflammaging Biomarkers: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Impacts of Probiotics Supplementation on the Treatment of Periodontitis: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Probiotic intake and mental health in healthy working adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal probiotic supplementation and offspring health: an umbrella review with re-analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Long-term safety and clinical effects of probiotic supplementation in at-risk populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation for osteoporosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Nutrition and Gut Microbiome in the Prevention of Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Reproductive Outcomes of Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Who Are Candidates for Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Trial
- The effects of dairy products containingFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- Postbiotic Supplementation Increases Amino Acid Absorption from Plant-Based Meal: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Trial
- Article
- Precise probiotic therapy: Advances, bottlenecks, and the road to microbiome-informed nutrition.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Compound probiotics alleviateVirulence · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Lactobacillus-Derived Probiotics and Postbiotics on Renal and Reproductive Function in Escherichia coli-Infected Rats.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Probiotic Extracellular Vesicles: Mechanisms of Immune Modulation and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Harnessing Probiotic LAB and Bacteriocins for Clean-Label Food Processing and Biopreservation: Omics, Molecular Innovations and Industrial Applications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
412 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with and react to each other in a stable environment in order to maintain healthy immune activities. Immune system-microbiota cross-talk relies on a complex network of pathways that sustain the balance between immune tolerance and immunogenicity. Probiotic bacteria can interact and stimulate intestinal immune cells and commensal microflora to modulate specific immune functions and immune homeostasis. Growing evidence shows that probiotic bacteria present important health-promoting and immunomodulatory properties. Thus, the use of probiotics might represent a promising approach for improving immune system activities. So far, few studies have been reported on the beneficial immune modulatory effect of probiotics. However, many others, which are mainly focused on their metabolic/nutritional properties, have been published. Therefore, the mechanisms behind the interaction between host immune cells and probiotics have only been partially described. The present review aims to collect and summarize the most recent scientific results and the resulting implications of how probiotic bacteria and immune cells interact to improve immune functions. Hence, a description of the currently known immunomodulatory mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in improving the host immune system is provided.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.