ArticleCells2022
SESN2 Knockdown Increases Betulinic Acid-Induced Radiosensitivity of Hypoxic Breast Cancer Cells.
Article in Cells, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sestrin2 Knockdown Impairs Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Apoptosis in OSCC Cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK Pathways.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Advances and challenges in betulinic acid therapeutics and delivery systems for breast cancer prevention and treatment.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Animal amino acid sensor - A review.Animal bioscience · 2025Article
- Zinc Influences the Efficacy of Betulinic Acid Treatment and Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural compound well known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial effects and anti-tumor properties. Its enhanced cytotoxicity in tumor cells and induction of cell death in various cancer entities qualifies BA as an interesting candidate for novel treatment concepts. Our analyses showed enhanced cytotoxicity and radiosensitization under hypoxic conditions in human breast cancer cells. So far, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the BA-treated human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 under normoxic and hypoxic conditions based on microarray technology. Hypoxia and BA regulated a variety of genes in both breast cancer cell lines. KEGG pathway analysis identified an enrichment of the p53 pathway in MCF-7 cells (wtp53) under hypoxia. In MDA-MB-231 cells (mtp53) an additional BA incubation was required to activate the p53 signaling pathway. Fourteen down-regulated and up-regulated genes of the p53 pathway were selected for further validation via qRT-PCR in a panel of five breast cancer cell lines. The stress-induced gene Sestrin-2 (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.