ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2023
Systemic Activation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Graves Disease With and Without Ophthalmopathy.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-Omics Approaches to Discover Biomarkers of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Differential analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites in patients with Graves' disease and combined Helicobacter pylori infection.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Brain fatigue in Graves' disease: symptoms and presentation of a possible mechanism at the cellular level.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Peripheral blood inflammatory indices across thyroid functional states in Graves' disease: associations with liver biochemical abnormalities and hyperthyroid relapse.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Causality of blood metabolites and metabolic pathways on Graves' disease and Graves' ophthalmopathy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Alteration in kynurenine pathway metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the causal effects between Grave's disease and diabetes mellitus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Genetically Determined Metabolites in Graves Disease: Insight From a Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Molecular Biomarkers in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Literature Review.Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2023Review
- Systemic Activation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Graves Disease With and Without Ophthalmopathy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Exploring blood metabolites and thyroid disorders: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextGraves disease (GD) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders. Recent literature has shown an immune response involving several different inflammatory related proteins in these patients.
objectiveThis work aimed to characterize the kynurenine pathway, activated during interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-mediated inflammation and cellular (T-helper type 1 [Th1] type) immunity, in GD patients with and without thyroid eye disease (TED).
methodsWe analyzed 34 biomarkers by mass spectrometry in serum samples from 100 patients with GD (36 with TED) and 100 matched healthy controls. The analytes included 10 metabolites and 3 indices from the kynurenine pathway, 6 microbiota-derived metabolites, 10 B-vitamers, and 5 serum proteins reflecting inflammation and kidney function.
resultsGD patients showed significantly elevated levels of 7 biomarkers compared with healthy controls (omega squared [ω2] > 0.06; P < .01). Of these 7, the 6 biomarkers with the strongest effect size were all components of the kynurenine pathway. Factor analysis showed that biomarkers related to cellular immunity and the Th1 responses (3-hydroxykynurenine, kynurenine, and quinolinic acid with the highest loading) were most strongly associated with GD. Further, a factor mainly reflecting acute phase response (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A) showed weaker association with GD by factor analysis. There were no differences in biomarker levels between GD patients with and without TED.
conclusionThis study supports activation of IFN-γ inflammation and Th1 cellular immunity in GD, but also a contribution of acute-phase reactants. Our finding of no difference in systemic activation of the kynurenine pathway in GD patients with and without TED implies that the local Th1 immune response in the orbit is not reflected systemically.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.