ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Yield of Facility-based Targeted Universal Testing for Tuberculosis With Xpert and Mycobacterial Culture in High-Risk Groups Attending Primary Care Facilities in South Africa.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube Versus Tuberculin Skin Tests on the Initiation of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Among Patients Newly Diagnosed With HIV in the North West Province of South Africa (the Teko Study): A Cluster Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Evaluating systematic targeted universal testing for tuberculosis in primary care clinics of South Africa: A cluster-randomized trial (The TUTT Trial).PLoS medicine · 2023Trial
- The impact and cost of using mobile digital X-ray units to detect pulmonary TB in South Africa.IJTLD open · 2026Article
- Inflammatory biomarkers of asymptomatic and symptomatic tuberculosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Screening for asymptomatic tuberculosis among adults with household exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective observational cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Observational
- Inflammatory Biomarkers of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Tuberculosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Using sputum and tongue swab specimens for in-home point-of-care targeted universal testing for tuberculosis of household contacts: an acceptability and feasibility analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Cumulative TB disease burden following sputum Xpert Ultra 'Trace' results in clinical settings: Results from a multi-site observational clinical study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Patient experiences of tuberculosis treatment deferral after a trace Xpert Ultra result: a prospective cohort study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Reply to Adzemovic et al.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Addressing post-tuberculosis sequelae among people living with HIV: an unmet need.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Estimating Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in a South African clinic: Spatiotemporal model based on person movements.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Xpert MTB/RIF assay in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in samples with different results by smear and culture in a coastal city with high incidence of tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Unstimulated Interferon-Gamma (IRISA-TB) as a Same-Day Test for Tuberculous Meningitis in a Tuberculosis-Endemic, Resource-Poor Setting.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra versus mycobacterial growth indicator tube liquid culture for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in symptomatic adults: a diagnostic accuracy study.The Lancet. Microbe · 2024Article
- Evidence for Tuberculosis in Individuals With Xpert Ultra "Trace" Sputum During Screening of High-Burden Communities.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra on contaminated liquid cultures for tuberculosis and rifampicin-resistance detection: a diagnostic accuracy evaluation.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Article
- Prevalence of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis and its association with HIV in household contacts of index tuberculosis patients in two South African provinces: a secondary, cross-sectional analysis of a cluster-randomised trial.BMC global and public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe report the yield of targeted universal tuberculosis (TB) testing of clinic attendees in high-risk groups.
methodsClinic attendees in primary healthcare facilities in South Africa with one of the following risk factors underwent sputum testing for TB: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), contact with a TB patient in the past year, and having had TB in the past 2 years. A single sample was collected for Xpert-Ultra (Xpert) and culture. We report the proportion positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Data were analyzed descriptively. The unadjusted clinical and demographic factors' relative risk of TB detected by culture or Xpert were calculated and concordance between Xpert and culture is described.
resultsA total of 30 513 participants had a TB test result. Median age was 39 years, and 11 553 (38%) were men. The majority (n = 21734, 71%) had HIV, 12 492 (41%) reported close contact with a TB patient, and 1573 (5%) reported prior TB. Overall, 8.3% were positive for M. tuberculosis by culture and/or Xpert compared with 6.0% with trace-positive results excluded. In asymptomatic participants, the yield was 6.7% and 10.1% in symptomatic participants (with trace-positives excluded). Only 10% of trace-positive results were culture-positive. We found that 55% of clinic attendees with a sputum result positive for M. tuberculosis did not have a positive TB symptom screen.
conclusionsA high proportion of clinic attendees with specific risk factors (HIV, close TB contact, history of TB) test positive for M. tuberculosis when universal testing is implemented.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.