ArticleReproductive health2023
Understanding the rise in traditional contraceptive methods use in Uttar Pradesh, India.
Article in Reproductive health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- TEAM-UP: Mixed-Methods Data for Understanding Traditional and Modern Contraceptive Use Dynamics in Four Sub-Saharan African Countries.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- Trends and determinants of utilization of traditional contraceptive methods among women of reproductive age (WRA) (15-49 years) in Uganda.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Traditional or Modern Contraception? Association Between Health Worker Contact and Contraceptive Choice in India: Findings From NFHS 2019-2021.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Traditional vs. Modern Contraception According to the 2017 IDHS: The Urgent Need for Rights-Based Counseling in Indonesia's Family Planning Program.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Community-level variations in contraceptive use among women in union and those not in union: a comparative study of 35 sub-Saharan African countries.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Interviewer effects on underreporting of traditional contraceptive use: evidence from National Family Health Survey-5.Frontiers in big data · 2026Article
- Barriers to modern contraceptive use by female workers in Indonesia's urban areas.Korean journal of family medicine · 2025Article
- Voices unveiled: a mixed-methods exploration of family planning education, access, and Sociocultural determinants for enhancing contraceptive decision-making in western Gujarat, India.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Oura Ring as a Tool for Ovulation Detection: Validation Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Understanding Contraceptive Preferences Across Generations: Insights from Indonesian Millennials and Zillennials.Open access journal of contraception · 2025Article
- Article
- Geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in the coverage of contraception in Uttar Pradesh, India.Reproductive health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe sustainable development goals (SDG) aim at satisfying three-fourths of family planning needs through modern contraceptive methods by 2030. However, the traditional methods (TM) of family planning use are on the rise, along with modern contraception in Uttar Pradesh (UP), the most populous Indian state. This study attempts to explore the dynamics of rising TM use in the state.
methodsWe used a state representative cross-sectional survey conducted among 12,200 Currently Married Women (CMW) aged 15-49 years during December 2020-February 2021 in UP. Using a multistage sampling technique, 508 primary sampling units (PSU) were selected. These PSU were ASHA areas in rural settings and Census Enumeration Blocks in urban settings. About 27 households from each PSU were randomly selected. All the eligible women within the selected households were interviewed. The survey also included the nearest public health facilities to understand the availability of family planning methods. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted. Appropriate sampling weights were applied.
resultsOverall, 33.9% of CMW were using any modern methods and 23.7% any TM (Rhythm and withdrawal) at the time of survey. The results show that while the modern method use has increased by 2.2 percentage points, the TM use increased by 9.9 percentage points compared to NFHS-4 (2015-16). The use of TM was almost same across women of different socio-demographic characteristics. Of 2921 current TM users, 80.7% started with TM and 78.3% expressed to continue with the same in future. No side effects (56.9%), easy to use (41.7%) and no cost incurred (38.0%) were the main reasons for the continuation of TM. TM use increased despite a significant increase (66.1 to 81.3%) in the availability of modern reversible methods and consistent availability of limiting methods (84.0%) in the nearest public health facilities.
conclusionInitial contraceptive method was found to have significant implications for current contraceptive method choice and future preferences. Program should reach young and zero-parity women with modern method choices by leveraging front-line workers in rural UP. Community and facility platforms can also be engaged in providing modern method choices to women of other parities to increase modern contraceptive use further to achieve the SDG goals.
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