ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2023
Global patterns and drivers of influenza decline during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Tunisia during the omicron era: insights from the national influenza & other respiratory viruses laboratory.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality and Disease Severity Among Children Under 5 in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 2018-2023.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Asymmetric post-pandemic recovery of influenza A and B since 2020 in Hong Kong: an interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis of weekly surveillance data with subtype and lineage characterization.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Complications of Seasonal Influenza in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Era: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mapping the COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso: spatial patterns, socioeconomic factors, and public health implications.International journal of health geographics · 2026Article
- Post-COVID-19 resurgence of respiratory viruses in Taiwan: an interrupted time series analysis from three regional medical centers (2015-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Primary care sentinel surveillance of influenza-like illness and laboratory detections of respiratory viral infections in Denmark, week 40 2021 to week 39 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning to investigate the mechanisms by which three major respiratory infectious diseases exacerbate heart failure.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic Evolution of the Hemagglutinin Genes of Seasonal Influenza A Viruses in Türkiye Between 2017 and 2023.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Infectivity and fatality of influenza in pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic year.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Surveillance of influenza viruses circulating from 2017/2018 to 2023/2024 seasons in Veneto Region, North-East Italy.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Risk of Death in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 and Influenza: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2025Article
- A Case Study on Trends in Acute Respiratory Illnesses and Influenza in Singapore: Pre-, during, and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- Excess Respiratory Hospitalisations Associated with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore from 2015 to 2023.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis of Influenza A Infections in a Single Hospital in Korea (2007-2024): Age, Sex, and Seasonal Patterns.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Ten-year analgesic utilization patterns and economic implications in Portugal.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Shifts in Respiratory Virus Epidemiology on Reunion Island From 2017 to 2023: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Excess mortality during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) in the Netherlands: Overall and across demographic subgroups.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Epidemiological Transitions in Influenza Dynamics in the United States: Insights from Recent Pandemic Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe influenza circulation reportedly declined during the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. The occurrence of this change has not been studied worldwide nor its potential drivers.
methodsThe change in the proportion of positive influenza samples reported by country and trimester was computed relative to the 2014-2019 period using the FluNet database. Random forests were used to determine predictors of change from demographical, weather, pandemic preparedness, COVID-19 incidence, and pandemic response characteristics. Regression trees were used to classify observations according to these predictors.
resultsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the influenza decline relative to prepandemic levels was global but heterogeneous across space and time. It was more than 50% for 311 of 376 trimesters-countries and even more than 99% for 135. COVID-19 incidence and pandemic preparedness were the two most important predictors of the decline. Europe and North America initially showed limited decline despite high COVID-19 restrictions; however, there was a strong decline afterward in most temperate countries, where pandemic preparedness, COVID-19 incidence, and social restrictions were high; the decline was limited in countries where these factors were low. The "zero-COVID" countries experienced the greatest decline.
conclusionOur findings set the stage for interpreting the resurgence of influenza worldwide.
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