Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36604625›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2023

Socioeconomic inequality in cognitive impairment among India's older adults and its determinants: a decomposition analysis.

Madhurima Sharma, Manas Ranjan Pradhan

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Madhurima SharmaInternational Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai, India. madhurimasharma1@gmail.com.
Manas Ranjan PradhanDepartment of Fertility and Social Demography, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7011-894X
International Institute for Population Sciences · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive impairment (CoI) is a significant risk factor for ill-health status among the older adults and a major burden on public health. This study unearths the degree of socioeconomic inequalities and assesses the determinants of CoI among the older adults in India.

methodsData on cognitive impairment of older adults aged 60 + years (n = 31,646) gathered in a nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (2017-18) was analyzed through STATA with a significance level of 5%. Binary logistic regression, the concentration index, concentration curve, and Shapley decomposition analysis were performed to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and the determinants of CoI.

resultsSixteen percent of the older adults had CoI. Females (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.70-2.09), those aged 80 plus years (OR = 3.98, 95%CI = 3.56-4.44), from ST (OR = 2.65, 95%CI = 2.32-3.02), with perceived poor health (OR = 1.61,95%CI = 1.45-1.79), with depression (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.21-1.43), with no schooling (OR = 16.46, 95%CI = 11.31-23.97) with 1 + ADL (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.31-1.57) and 1 + IADL (OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.19-1.41) had higher odds of CoI than their respective counterparts. Older adults from urban areas (OR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.57-0.70), higher income groups (OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.53- 0.70) and higher education level with sources of financial support (OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.61- 0.76) less likely to experience CoI. Economic inequalities exist in the distribution of CoI-the poorest being the most disadvantaged (concentration index value = -0.118).

conclusionsThere are socioeconomic-related inequalities in CoI among the older adults. The socioeconomically vulnerable older adults, including those illiterates, with poor economic status, women, not-in-union, the older, and those without social support, are more likely to develop CoI. The results suggest awareness generation and more customized policies and programs to reduce the socioeconomic inequalities in CoI among the older adults in India. The improved mental health of the older adults will contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals, including Goal 3 on guaranteeing good health and well-being for all.

Indexed as

Health StatusIncomeAgedFemaleHumansIndiaMental HealthSocioeconomic FactorsCognitive impairmentConcentration indexDecomposition analysisIndiaOlder adults

Identifiers

PMID36604625
PMCPMC9817366
OpenAlexW4313558006

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.