ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Increasing prevalence of myopia and the impact of education in primary-school students in Xi'an, north-western of China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- The incidence of myopia and the factors associated with it among primary and junior high school students in Shihezi, China, a cohort study based on the SHAP model.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Characterisation and risk factors of astigmatism among children and adolescents aged 3-20 years in Northwestern China.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional study of myopia prevalence and associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province, China, in 2021.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Trends in myopia prevalence among children and adolescents: a large-scale cross-sectional study in Shihezi, China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Electroacupuncture alleviates damage to myopic RGCs probably through lncRNA-XR_002789763.1-mediated mitophagy.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Progression of myopia among school-aged children in Guangzhou, China.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Exploring the influences of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang using propensity score matching.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Uncovering predictors of myopia in youth: a secondary data analysis using a machine learning approach.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between weekend catch-up outdoor duration and prevalence of myopia: evidence from a cross-sectional, multi-center study in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Trio-based whole-exome sequencing reveals mutations in early-onset high myopia.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Prevalence of visual impairment and estimation of refractive errors among school children in Kakamega, Kenya.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
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15 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: The present study was performed to detect the prevalence of myopia among primary-school students in Xi'an, north-western of China. Methods: The present study was a school-based study with students aged from 6 to 13 years old. All the individuals underwent ophthalmological examination and spherical equivalent (SE) of refractive error were measured with non-cycloplegic refraction. Myopia was defined as a SE of ≤ -0.5 diopters (D), and further divided into three stratified groups based on SE: low myopia (≤ -0.5 to >-3.0 D), moderate myopia (≤ -3.0 to >-6.0 D), and high myopia (≤ -6.0 D). Relative risk factors, including age, sex, grade and ethnicity were investigated using questionnaire. Results: A total of 4,680 individuals were eligible for this survey and 4,654 (99.4% participation rate) were finally included (51.2% boys). The mean age of participants was 8.756 ± 1.727 years. The whole city-level prevalence of total myopia was 57.1% (95% CI: 55.7-58.6%). Additionally, the prevalence of low, moderate, and high myopia was 45.0% (95% CI: 43.5-46.4%), 11.1% (95% CI: 10.2-12.0%), and 1.0% (95% CI: 0.7-1.3%), respectively. Moreover, grade (education level) instead of age, sex and ethnicity was the most essential risk factor for prevalence of overall myopia (OR = 1.844, 95% CI: 1.605-2.119), and an increase of prevalence by 84.4% per grade was seen. Furthermore, similar associations of grade were significant with low myopia (OR = 1.613, 95% CI: 1.385-1.877) and moderate myopia (OR = 2.186, 95% CI: 1.693-2.823), meanwhile, prevalence of low myopia and moderate myopia demonstrated an increase of prevalence by 61.3 and 118.6% per grade, respectively. None of the factors included in the present study was significant risk factor for high myopia. Conclusions: The present study investigated a non-negligible high prevalence of myopia among primary-school students in Xi'an, north-western of China, and a gradual increasing in proportion with education level.
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