ArticleInsights into imaging2023
CT and MRI features of hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis of 15 cases and a literature review.
Article in Insights into imaging, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Focal "Targetoid" liver lesions on MRI: a diagnostic and practical imaging approach.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Imaging features of recently identified low-grade vascular neoplasia of the liver: hepatic small vessel neoplasm and anastomosing hemangioma.European radiology · 2026Article
- Disseminated hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with multiorgan metastases achieving long-term stability with Pazopanib: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Two Cases of Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma Misdiagnosed With Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease.Case reports in hepatology · 2026Article
- Unusual liver tumors: spectrum of imaging findings with pathologic correlationDiagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2025Review
- Discontinuous peripheral enhancement of focal liver lesions on CT and MRI: outside the box of typical cavernous hemangioma.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Review
- Case report of misdiagnosis: a rare case of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma characterized primarily by fever.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- I thought it was a hemangioma! A pictorial essay about common and uncommon liver hemangiomas' mimickers.Insights into imaging · 2024Review
- Benign and malignant focal liver lesions displaying rim arterial phase hyperenhancement on CT and MRI.Insights into imaging · 2024Review
- Characteristic contrast‑enhanced ultrasound findings of hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma: A case report and literature review.Oncology letters · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo improve the current imaging understanding of MRI or CT for hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (HEHE) to aid in its successful preoperative diagnosis.
methodsThe imaging features of 15 patients (median age 38.6, range 20-71; 7 M/8 F) from eight institutions with pathologically confirmed HEHE were retrospectively analysed. Additionally, the CT/MR imaging features of 180 patients in 15 literature publications were collected, analysed and compared with our case series.
resultsFifteen patients underwent CT and MRI (n = 2), CT (n = 9) or MR (n = 8) scans. A total of 92.9% (13/14) of the patients were initially diagnosed with other lesions on imaging. A total of 86.7% (13/15) were multifocal. Nodules (11/15, 73.3%) were predominantly peripheral in distribution (12/15, 80.0%). Some cases were associated with hepatic capsular retraction (13/15, 86.7%), "target signs" (8/15, 53.3%) and "lollipop signs" (5/15, 33.3%). Peripheral enhancement of various shapes in the early phase with a progressive centripetal filling was the most common pattern of enhancement (12/15, 80.0%). Abnormal vascularity was seen in 50.7% (6/15) of the patients. Suspicious tumour thromboses in the inferior vena cava were seen in 3 (20.0%) of the patients. Two of the 15 patients (13.3%) had a history of smoking.
conclusionsHEHEs have common distinctive features, including multifocal lesions that are predominantly peripheral, "target signs", "lollipop signs", hepatic capsular retraction and peripheral enhancement of various shapes in the early phase with progressive centripetal filling. Additional aggressive imaging features that may be valuable clues to the diagnosis can be identified by CT or MRI.
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