Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36599719›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2023

Middle-age high normal serum sodium as a risk factor for accelerated biological aging, chronic diseases, and premature mortality.

Natalia I Dmitrieva, Alessandro Gagarin, Delong Liu, Colin O Wu, Manfred Boehm

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  3. Serum sodium, tonicity, and risk of dementia in cohort and healthcare populations.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Natalia I DmitrievaThe Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. Electronic address: dmitrien@nhlbi.nih.gov.
Alessandro GagarinThe Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Delong LiuThe Laboratory of Vascular and Matrix Genetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Colin O WuOffice of Biostatistics Research, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Manfred BoehmThe Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute · US

Funding

Vascular remodeling in patients with rare genetic disordersZIAHL006077 · NHLBI · NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI BOEHM, MANFRED · 2010 to 2025
$22.9M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is known that some people age faster than others, some people live into old age disease-free, while others develop age-related chronic diseases. With a rapidly aging population and an emerging chronic diseases epidemic, finding mechanisms and implementing preventive measures that could slow down the aging process has become a new challenge for biomedical research and public health. In mice, lifelong water restriction shortens the lifespan and promotes degenerative changes. Here, we test the hypothesis that optimal hydration may slow down the aging process in humans.

methodsWe performed a cohort analysis of data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study with middle-age enrollment (45-66 years, n = 15,752) and 25 years follow-up. We used serum sodium, as a proxy for hydration habits. To estimate the relative speed of aging, we calculated the biological age (BA) from age-dependent biomarkers and assessed risks of chronic diseases and premature mortality.

findingsThe analysis showed that middle age serum sodium >142 mmol/l is associated with a 39% increased risk to develop chronic diseases (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.18-1.63) and >144 mmol/l with 21% elevated risk of premature mortality (HR = 1.21, 95% CI:1.02-1.45). People with serum sodium >142 mmol/l had up to 50% higher odds to be older than their chronological age (OR = 1.50, 95% CI:1.14-1.96). A higher BA was associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases (HR = 1.70, 95% CI:1.50-1.93) and premature mortality (HR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.39-1.83).

interpretationPeople whose middle-age serum sodium exceeds 142 mmol/l have increased risk to be biologically older, develop chronic diseases and die at younger age. Intervention studies are needed to confirm the link between hydration and aging.

fundingThis work was funded by Intramural Research program of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The ARIC study has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the NHLBI; the National Institutes of Health (NIH); and the Department of Health and Human Services.

Indexed as

AgingMortality, PrematureAgedAnimalsChronic DiseaseHumansMiceMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSodiumSodiumAgingBiological ageChronic diseasesHydrationSerum sodium

Identifiers

PMID36599719
PMCPMC9873684
OpenAlexW4313388799

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.