ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2023
Comparison of the Distribution and Changes in the Antibiotic Resistance of Clinical Bacterial Isolates from the Lower Respiratory Tract of Children in Shenzhen Before the Epidemic, During the Epidemic, and During the Period of Normalized Prevention and Control of COVID-19.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Resistance profile and influence factors of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) causing infections in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Pooled it
- Geographical mapping and temporal trends of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance: A comprehensive meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Common Bacterial Pathogens to Antibiotics in Northern Ghana.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Non-pharmaceutical interventions restructured the upper respiratory bacterial microbiota in children under 2 during COVID-19: implications for infection control strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on the Prevalence and Drug Resistance ofHealth science reports · 2025Article
- Shifts in Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance of Haemophilus Influenzae in Children From Chongqing (2019-2024): Pre-, During, and Post-COVID-19.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Haemophilus influenzae infections in pediatric patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Epidemiologic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in hospital departments in China from 2022 to 2023.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Editorial: Emerging pneumonia and acute lower respiratory infections in children, volume II.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Microbial Landscape and Antibiotic-Susceptibility Profiles of Microorganisms in Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Cases in Aktobe, Kazakhstan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study aimed to understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic on the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the lower respiratory tract of children in our hospital.
methodsAntimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on bacteria isolated clinically from the lower respiratory tracts of children in our hospital from 2018 to 2021 by the Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems.
resultsFrom 2018 to 2021, the top three lower respiratory tract clinical isolates in our hospital were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae. These three species showed obvious seasonal epidemic patterns, and their numbers decreased significantly during the COVID-19 epidemic, from 4559 in 2019 to 1938 in 2020. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics also changed before and after the COVID-19 epidemic. The annual proportions of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were 41%, 37.4%, 26.2%, and 29.8%. The resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftriaxone were 40.5%, 51.9%, 35.3%, and 53.3%, and the detection rates of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) were 2.7%, 11.1%, 5.9%, and 4.4%. The detection rates of β-lactamase-producing H. influenzae were 51.9%, 59.2%, 48.9%, and 55.3%. The rate of MRSA, ceftriaxone-resistant K. pneumoniae, CRKP, and β-lactamase-producing H. influenzae decreased significantly in 2020 compared with 2019, whereas that of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii increased. The detection rates of β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae (BLNAR) gradually increased over the 4 years.
conclusionsProtective measures against COVID-19, including reduced movement of people, hand hygiene, and surgical masks, may block the transmission of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and reduce the detection rate of MRSA, ceftriaxone-resistant K. pneumoniae, CRKP, and β-lactamase-producing H. influenzae.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.