Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36598280›Full record

ArticleActa dermato-venereologica2023

Out-of-Pocket Costs in Alopecia Areata: A Cross-Sectional Study in German-speaking Countries.

Johaina Kullab, Maximilian C Schielein, Caroline F Z Stuhlmann, Linda Tizek, Hannah Wecker, Alphina Kain, Tilo Biedermann, Alexander Zink

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta dermato-venereologica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. The financial burden of alopecia: a survey study.International journal of women's dermatology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Johaina KullabDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Maximilian C SchieleinDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Caroline F Z StuhlmannThe Graduate Center & Hunter College, City University of New York, Department of Psychology, New York, NY, USA; German Center for Health Services Research in Dermatology, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Linda TizekDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Hannah WeckerDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Alphina KainDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Tilo BiedermannDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Alexander ZinkDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. alexander.zink@tum.de.
Technical University of Munich · DEUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alopecia areata is a common skin disease which is associated with psychosocial and financial burden. No curative therapy exists and, hence, affected persons resort to self-financed cosmetic solutions. However, studies on the economic impact of alopecia areata on individuals are limited. To estimate annual individual out-of-pocket costs in persons with alopecia areata, a cross-sectional study using a standardized online questionnaire was performed in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. A total of 346 individuals (95.1% women, mean age: 38.5 ± 11.6 years) with alopecia areata participated between April and August 2020. Mean additional spending on everyday necessities was 1,248€ per person per year, which was significantly influenced by the duration of the illness, the treatment provider, and disease severity. Hair replacement products and cosmetics accounted for the highest monthly costs, followed by costs for physician visits, hospital treatments, and medication. Most participants (n = 255, 73.7%) were currently not undergoing treatment, due to lack of efficacy, side-effects, costs and acceptance of the disease. Sex differences in expenses were observed, with women having higher expenditures. Alopecia areata-related out-of-pocket costs place a considerable financial burden on affected individuals, are higher compared with those of other chronic diseases, and should be considered in economic assessments of the impact of this disease.

Indexed as

Alopecia AreataAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth ExpendituresHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID36598280
PMCPMC9885285
OpenAlexW4313544809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.