ArticleNeurospine2022
Classification(s) of Cervical Deformity.
Article in Neurospine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors associated with distal junctional kyphosis and failure after surgical management of adult cervical deformity: a systematic review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Pooled it
- A Hard Pill to Swallow: Dysphagia-Associated Factors Following Adult Cervical Deformity Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most-cited articles on cervical deformities: a web of science database study.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Surgical management of congenital C2 over C3 spondyloptosis with severe cervical kyphosis: two case reports.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Multi-Level Uncinatectomies and Posterior Column Osteotomies to Correct a Cervical Kyphotic Deformity: Case Instruction With Intraoperative Picture and Video.Neurosurgery practice · 2026Article
- Post-MVC Cervical Kyphosis Deformity Reduction Using Chiropractic BioPhysics Protocols: 1-Year Follow-Up Case Report.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Atlantoaxial Instability in the Course of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Relation to Selected Parameters of Sagittal Balance.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Optimizing Surgical Strategy for Cervical Spinal Deformity: Global Alignment and Surgical Targets.Neurospine · 2023Article
- From the Spinopelvic Parameters to Global Alignment and Proportion Scores in Adult Spinal Deformity.Neurospine · 2023Article
- Reply to Commentary on "Classification(s) of Cervical Deformity".Neurospine · 2023Article
- Commentary on "Classification(s) of Cervical Deformity".Neurospine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cervical spine deformities (CSD) are complex surgical issues with currently heterogenous management strategies. The classification of CSD is still an evolving field. Rudimentary classification schemas were initially proposed in the late 20th century but were largely informal and based on the underlying etiology (i.e. , postsurgical, traumatic, or inflammatory). The first formal classification schema was proposed by Ames et al. in 2015 who established a standard nomenclature for describing these deformities. This classification system established 5 deformity descriptors based on curve apex location (cervical, cervicothoracic, thoracic, craniovertebral junctional, and coronal deformities) and 5 deformity modifiers which helped surgeons utilize a standard language when discussing CSD patients. Koller et al. in 2019 subsequently established a classification system for patients with rigid cervical kyphosis based on regional and global sagittal alignment. Most recently, Kim et al. in 2020 proposed an updated classification system utilizing dynamic cervical spine imaging to guide surgical treatment of CSD patients. It identified 4 major groups of deformities - (1) those with "flat-neck" deformities caused by cervical lordosis T1 slope mismatch; (2) those with focal kyphotic deformities between 2 cervical vertebrae; (3) those with cervicothoracic deformities caused by large T1 slope; and (4) those with coronal deformities. Group 2 deformities most often required combined anterior-posterior approaches with short constructs, and group 3 deformities most often required posterior-only approaches with 3-column osteotomies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.