ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2023
Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells reduce neuroinflammation in hippocampus and restore cognitive function in hyperammonemic rats.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral IL-17 Triggers, and anti-IL-17 Treatment Prevents, Neuroinflammation and Alterations in Neurotransmission in Hippocampus and Cognitive Impairment in Hyperammonemic Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the adult mouse brain after chronic ethanol exposure.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Cross-Organ Neuroimmunology of Behavior.Annual review of immunology · 2026Review
- Intranasal CM-hMSCs modulate brain gene expression linked to glucose metabolism and inflammation in male and female rats exposed to maternal and post-weaning high-fat diets.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Modulates Peripheral-Central Immune Interactions and Attenuates Neuroinflammation-Driven Cognitive Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Tiny Messengers, Huge Consequences: Extracellular Vesicles and mTOR Signaling in Neuroinflammation.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Molecular and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on autoimmune diseases.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Hyperammonemic Rats Induce Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus, Impairing Memory and Learning in Normal Rats.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles from Different Mesenchymal Stem Cell Types Exhibit Distinctive Surface Protein Profiling and Molecular Characteristics: A Comparative Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Nanopathways modulating postoperative cognitive dysfunction: extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Network analysis of cognitive function, glycemic-lipid profiles, and hepatic-renal function in individuals with diverse drinking patterns.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells improve neuroinflammation and neurotransmission in hippocampus and cognitive impairment in rats with mild liver damage and minimal hepatic encephalopathy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells alter gut microbiota and improve neuroinflammation and motor impairment in rats with mild liver damage.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Article
- Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Clinical and Therapeutic Potential in Central Nervous System Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The effect of rifaximin and lactulose treatments to chronic hepatic encephalopathy rats: An [Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Neuroinflammation in Intercellular and Inter-Organ Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Purinergic Signaling in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Bridging the Gap between Cell-Based Strategies and Neuro-Immune Modulation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Preface for the Vicente Felipo Honorary Issue of Neurochemical Research.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic hyperammonemia, a main contributor to hepatic encephalopathy (HE), leads to neuroinflammation which alters neurotransmission leading to cognitive impairment. There are no specific treatments for the neurological alterations in HE. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce neuroinflammation in some pathological conditions. The aims were to assess if treatment of hyperammonemic rats with EVs from MSCs restores cognitive function and analyze the underlying mechanisms. EVs injected in vivo reach the hippocampus and restore performance of hyperammonemic rats in object location, object recognition, short-term memory in the Y-maze and reference memory in the radial maze. Hyperammonemic rats show reduced TGFβ levels and membrane expression of TGFβ receptors in hippocampus. This leads to microglia activation and reduced Smad7-IkB pathway, which induces NF-κB nuclear translocation in neurons, increasing IL-1β which alters AMPA and NMDA receptors membrane expression, leading to cognitive impairment. These effects are reversed by TGFβ in the EVs from MSCs, which activates TGFβ receptors, reducing microglia activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation in neurons by normalizing the Smad7-IkB pathway. This normalizes IL-1β, AMPA and NMDA receptors membrane expression and, therefore, cognitive function. EVs from MSCs may be useful to improve cognitive function in patients with hyperammonemia and minimal HE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.