Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36593111›Full record

Trial reportArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2023

Low dose or very low dose phenylephrine and cyclopentolate microdrops for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations (The Little Eye Drop Study): a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.

Lisa Jean Kremer, Natalie Medlicott, Mary Jane Sime, Roland Broadbent, Liza Edmonds, Mary Judith Berry, Nicola C Austin, Jane M Alsweiler, David M Reith

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialEquivalence Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 46% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Optimizing instilled drug delivery: a scoping review of microdrops in ophthalmology.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Lisa Jean KremerHe Rau Kawakawa (School of Pharmacy), University of Otago Division of Health Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand lisa.kremer@otago.ac.nz.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9068-4391
Natalie MedlicottHe Rau Kawakawa (School of Pharmacy), University of Otago Division of Health Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Mary Jane SimeOphthalmology, Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand), Southern, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Roland BroadbentDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Liza EdmondsDivision of Health Sciences, Kōhatu Centre for Hauora Māori, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Mary Judith BerryDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Nicola C AustinNeonatal Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Jane M AlsweilerDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Auckland School of Medicine, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-6654
David M ReithDeans Department, University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand.
University of Otago · NZSouthern District Health Board · NZUniversity of Auckland · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine if very low dose (VLD, 0.5% phenylephrine, 0.1% cyclopentolate) mydriatic microdrop (approximately 7 μL) administration (up to three doses) is non-inferior to low dose (LD, 1% phenylephrine, 0.2% cyclopentolate) mydriatic microdrop administration for ophthalmologist-determined successful retinopathy of prematurity eye examination (ROPEE).

designMulticentre, prospective, randomised controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial.

settingFour neonatal intensive care units in Aotearoa, New Zealand from October 2019 to September 2021. PATIENTS: Infants with a birth weight less than 1250 g or gestational age less than 30+6 weeks and who required a ROPEE.

interventionsThe intervention: microdrop (approximately 7 μL) of VLD (0.5% phenylephrine and 0.1% cyclopentolate) to both eyes, or the comparison: microdrop of LD (1% phenylephrine and 0.2% cyclopentolate) to both eyes. Up to three doses could be administered.

main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was an ophthalmologist-determined successful ROPEE.

resultsOne hundred and fifty preterm infants (LD mean GA=27.4±1.8 weeks, mean birth weight=1011±290 g, VLD mean GA=27.5±1.9 weeks, mean birth weight=1049±281 g,) were randomised. Non-inferiority for successful ROPEE was demonstrated for the VLD group compared with the LD group (VLD successful ROPEE=100%, LD successful ROPEE=100%, 95% CI no continuity correction -0.05 to 0.05) and for Māori (95% CI no continuity correction -0.02 to 0.19).

conclusionVLD microdrops enable safe and effective screening for ROPEE in both Māori and non-Māori preterm infants. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12619000795190.

Indexed as

CyclopentolateDrug CombinationsPhenylephrineRetinopathy of PrematurityBirth WeightHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureInfant, Very Low Birth WeightMydriaticsOphthalmic SolutionsProspective StudiesPupilCyclopentolateDrug CombinationsMydriaticsOphthalmic SolutionsPhenylephrinephenylephrine, cyclopentolate drug combinationintensive care units, neonatalneonatologyophthalmologypharmacologytherapeutics

Identifiers

PMID36593111
PMCPMC10314044
OpenAlexW4313453465

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.