ArticleBMJ case reports2023
Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening guidelines: a false positive.
Article in BMJ case reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography in Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine sulphate (HCQ) is widely used for the treatment of a variety of rheumatological and dermatological conditions. Despite the advantages of HCQ as a treatment option, it is important to be aware of its potential retinal toxicity, which may be irreversible and progressive. In December 2020, The Royal College of Ophthalmologists published revised recommendations on monitoring HCQ retinopathy. Our case report highlights some of the shortcomings of blindly following their monitoring algorithm by presenting a case where apparent HCQ retinopathy resolved after Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (YAG) laser capsulotomy. The case reiterates the importance of thorough clinical examination. We suggest that while the acquisition of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence may be objective, their interpretation is subjective. Even with the use of artificial intelligence algorithms, false positives may be generated if the tests are confounded by copathology. There is no gold-standard test for detecting HCQ toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.