ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2023
Association of immune-related adverse events with the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-related adverse events with cancer clinical benefits: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Real-world experience with ipilimumab in combination with nivolumab in advanced sarcoma: a retrospective analysis including ultra-rare sarcomas.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Immune-related nephritis, ureteritis and cystitis secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case report and review of the literature.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- A pharmacovigilance data-driven approach to reveal high fatal adverse events following checkpoint immunotherapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Synergistic immunomodulation: integrating physical ablation with immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic colorectal carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Balancing act: Tapering mycophenolate mofetil in immune checkpoint inhibitor hepatitis-strategies, outcomes, and risks.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Reply to letter to the editor "Comment on: "Hepatic immune-related adverse event increased the overall survival of patients with malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors"".Hepatology international · 2025Article
- Clinical Management and Outcomes of Immune-Related Adverse Events During Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapies in Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma: A UK Real-World Evidence Study.Oncology and therapy · 2025Article
- Colorectal Cancer: Therapeutic Approaches and Their Complications.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Honokiol-Magnolol-Baicalin Possesses Synergistic Anticancer Potential and Enhances the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer by Triggering GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Sex and outcomes of patients with microsatellite instability-high andJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Organ-specific immune-related adverse events and prognosis in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Early treatment discontinuation in patients with deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability high metastatic colorectal cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Cutaneous adverse events associated with the efficacy and benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Immune signatures of checkpoint inhibitor-induced autoimmunity-A focus on neurotoxicity.Neuro-oncology · 2024Observational
- Complete pathologic response after laparoscopic hepatectomy following treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab for anticancer drug-resistant MSI-high colon cancer liver metastasis consisting of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation: A case report.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 12 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show a tremendous activity in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but a consistent fraction of patients does not respond. Prognostic/predictive markers are needed. Despite previous investigations in other tumor types, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have not been well evaluated in patients with MSI-H cancers treated with ICIs.
methodsWe conducted an international cohort study at tertiary cancer centers collecting clinic-pathological features from 331 patients with MSI-H mCRC treated with ICIs. Of note, the irAEs were summarized using a 'burden score' constructed in a way that the same score value could be obtained by cumulating many low-grade irAEs or few high-grade irAEs; as a result, the lower the burden the better. Clearly, the irAE burden is not a baseline information, thus it was modeled as a time-dependent variable in univariable and multivariable Cox models.
resultsAmong 331 patients, irAEs were reported in 144 (43.5%) patients. After a median follow-up time of 29.7 months, patients with higher burden of skin, endocrine and musculoskeletal irAEs (the latter two's effect was confirmed at multivariable analysis) had longer overall survival (OS), as opposed to gastrointestinal, pneumonitis, neurological, liver, renal and other irAEs, which showed an harmful effect. Similar results were observed for progression-free survival (PFS). Based on the results retrieved from organ-specific irAEs, 'aggregated' burden scores were developed to distinguish 'protective' (endocrine and musculoskeletal) and 'harmful' (gastrointestinal, pneumonitis, neurological, hepatic) irAEs showing prognostic effects on OS and PFS.
conclusionsOur results demonstrate that not all irAEs could exert a protective effect on oncologic outcome. An easy-to-use model for ICIs toxicity (burden score of protective and harmful irAEs) may be used as surrogate marker of response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.