Impact of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) on the Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (MPA) During First-Line Treatment With FOLFIRINOX: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

Angelo Borsarelli Carvalho de Brito, Rachel P Riechelmann, Victor Hugo Fonseca de Jesus

Open access · goldAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

4citing papers in PubMed

1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

First-Line Modified FOLFIRINOX in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: Real-World Outcomes and Prognostic Factors From a Vietnamese Cohort.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026
Article
Pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor primary prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer treated with modified-FOLFIRINOX: a randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase 2 trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2025
Article
Tumor microenvironment phenotyping guides precision therapy in unresectable pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025
Review
Analyzing Flow Cytometry or Targeted Gene Expression Data Influences Clinical Discoveries-Profiling Blood Samples of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients.Cancers · 2023
Article

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Angelo Borsarelli Carvalho de BritoMedical Oncology Department, 139300AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Rachel P RiechelmannMedical Oncology Department, 139300AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Victor Hugo Fonseca de JesusMedical Oncology Department, 139300AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-4702-116X

AC Camargo Hospital · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe role of primary prophylaxis (PP) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MPA) treated with FOLFIRINOX is unknown. We aimed to compare the frequencies of grades 3 or 4 neutropenia (G3/4N) and febrile neutropenia (FN) and survival outcomes according to the use of PP.

methodsThis is a retrospective study. We included patients with pathologically confirmed MPA treated with FOLFIRINOX in first-line. Patients who received primary prophylaxis (PP group) were compared to patients who received secondary or no G-CSF (no-PP group). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated using the standard Cox proportional hazard model. To account for potential biases, we performed sensitivity analyses excluding patients who received secondary prophilaxis and treating G-CSF as a time-dependent covariate in extended Cox proportional hazard models.

resultsThe study population consisted of 123 patients. PP was used by 75 patients (61.0%). G3/4 N occurred more frequently among patients without PP (10.7 vs 41.7%; P < .001). There was no difference in the frequency of FN between groups (5.3 vs 8.3%; P = .710). In multivariate analysis, PP was associated with a trend toward improved OS (HR = .66; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] .41 - 1.07; P = .094). In the multivariate model excluding patients with secondary prophylaxis (HR = .54; 95% CI 0.32 - .91; P = .022) and in the time-dependent model (HR = .47; 95% CI 0.28 - .80; P = .005), PP was associated with statistically superior OS.

conclusionsDespite the reduction in the frequency of G3/4N, the risk of FN among patients treated with FOLFIRINOX without G-CSF is too low to justify its use in a routine basis. However, given the potential of G-CSF to improve survival in this setting, further studies are warranted to assess its role during treatment with FOLFIRINOX for patients with MPA.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaNeutropeniaPancreatic NeoplasmsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsFluorouracilGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorHumansIrinotecanLeucovorinOxaliplatinRetrospective StudiesFluorouracilfolfirinoxGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorIrinotecanLeucovorinOxaliplatincancercolony-stimulatingFOLFIRINOXG-CSFmetastaticpancreatic

Identifiers

PMID36592369

DOI10.1177/10732748221149543

PMCPMC9829887

OpenAlexW4313477116

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC

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None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.