ArticleGut2022
Lifestyle factors for the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease.
Article in Gut, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Precision nutrition for the prevention and management of inflammatory bowel disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The regulatory role of post-translational modifications in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- EPIC4ND-European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition follow-up for neurodegenerative diseases.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Addressing real-world data gaps: estimating the uk population cost of crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis using a flexible cost-of-illness model informed by the optimal patient journey and IBDUK patient survey 2023.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Micronutrients are associated with endoscopic postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease: a multicenter prospective cohort study in North America.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2026Article
- Lifestyle restrictions are associated with impaired quality of life but not reduction in relapse in ulcerative colitis.Intestinal research · 2026Article
- The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Children and Adolescents from 1990 to 2021 and Trend Projections up to 2036.Gut and liver · 2026Article
- Integrated metabolomics and genetic analyses reveal loss of protective docosahexaenoic acid as a key driver linking ultra-processed food to Crohn's disease risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Prediction and Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Call to Action.Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Accelerometer-measured physical activity and risk of incident ulcerative colitis: a population-based prospective study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Short-chain fatty acids in ulcerative colitis: integrating metabolic fate, dynamic biomarkers, and precision delivery.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The chain mediating roles of stigma and health-promoting lifestyle in the relationship between disability index and posttraumatic growth among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Review
- Effect of Injectable Dual and Single Agonist Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Based Therapy on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Among Patients with Obesity.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Identifying Potential Targets for the Interception of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Toward Precision Prevention.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Review
- IBD Prediction Is Possible, but How Far Are We from Implementing It?Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Review
- Autoantibodies against endothelial protein C receptor and integrin αvβ6 predict the development of ulcerative colitis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- IBD 2024: Charting a New Course in IBD Proceedings of the Takeda Symposium 22-23 November 2024 W Hotel, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Impact of diet on inflammatory bowel disease risk: systematic review, meta-analyses and implications for prevention.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the proportion of cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) that could be prevented by modifiable lifestyle factors.
designIn a prospective cohort study of US adults from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; n=72 290), NHSII (n=93 909) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n=41 871), we created modifiable risk scores (MRS; 0-6) for CD and UC based on established lifestyle risk factors, and healthy lifestyle scores (HLS; 0-9) derived from American healthy lifestyle recommendations. We calculated the population attributable risk by comparing the incidence of CD and UC between low-risk (CD-MRS≤1, UC-MRS≤2, HLS≥7) and high-risk groups. We externally validated our findings in three European cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort (n=37 275), Cohort of Swedish Men (n=40 810) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (n=404 144).
resultsOver 5 117 021 person-years of follow-up (NHS, HPFS: 1986-2016; NHSII: 1991-2017), we documented 346 CD and 456 UC cases. Adherence to a low MRS could have prevented 42.9% (95% CI 12.2% to 66.1%) of CD and 44.4% (95% CI 9.0% to 69.8%) of UC cases. Similarly, adherence to a healthy lifestyle could have prevented 61.1% (95% CI 16.8% to 84.9%) of CD and 42.2% (95% CI 1.7% to 70.9%) of UC cases. In our validation cohorts, adherence to a low MRS and healthy lifestyle could have, respectively, prevented 43.9%-51.2% and 48.8%-60.4% of CD cases and 20.6%-27.8% and 46.8%-56.3% of UC cases.
conclusionsAcross six US and European cohorts, a substantial burden of inflammatory bowel diseases risk may be preventable through lifestyle modification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.