ArticleSmall science2022
Spatially Guided Construction of Multilayered Epidermal Models Recapturing Structural Hierarchy and Cell-Cell Junctions.
Article in Small science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stepwise Generation of Vascularized Multilayered 3D Organotypic Skin Models.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Article
- 3D organotypic skin models recapitulate autoantibody-driven pemphigus pathomechanisms and targeted therapeutic response.Science advances · 2026Article
- Desmosomal cadherin tension loss in pemphigus vulgaris mediated by the inhibition of active RhoA at cell-cell adhesions.iScience · 2025Article
- Desmosomal Cadherin Tension Loss in Pemphigus Vulgaris Mediated by the Inhibition of Active RhoA at Cell-Cell Adhesions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A current challenge in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of skin equivalents is to recreate the distinct basal and suprabasal layers and to promote their direct interactions. Such a structural arrangement is essential to establish 3D stratified epidermis disease models, such as for the autoimmune skin disease pemphigus vulgaris (PV), which targets the cell-cell junctions at the interface of the basal and suprabasal layers. Inspired by epithelial regeneration in wound healing, we develop a method that combines 3D bioprinting and spatially guided self-reorganization of keratinocytes to recapture the fine structural hierarchy that lies in the deep layers of the epidermis. Here, keratinocyte-laden fibrin hydrogels are bioprinted to create geographical cues, guiding dynamic self-reorganization of cells through collective migration, keratinocyte differentiation and vertical expansion. This process results in a region of self-organized multilayers (SOMs) that contain the basal to suprabasal transition, marked by the expressed levels of different types of keratins that indicate differentiation. Finally, we demonstrate the reconstructed skin tissue as an in vitro platform to study the pathogenic effects of PV and observe a significant difference in cell-cell junction dissociation from PV antibodies in different epidermis layers, indicating their applications in the preclinical test of possible therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.