ArticleiScience2022
On the realness of people who do not exist: The social processing of artificial faces.
Article in iScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Too good to be true: Synthetic AI faces are more average than real faces and super-recognizers know it.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- Recognition of real and artificial intelligence-generated faces.Perception · 2026Article
- Neural signatures of hyper-realistic AI-generated faces: dissociating behavioral indistinguishability from implicit neural evaluation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Children's susceptibility to content generated by artificial intelligence.Technology in society · 2026Article
- Generative neural networks for experimental manipulation: Examining dominance-trustworthiness face impressions with data-efficient models.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- Is this real? Susceptibility to deepfakes in machines and humans.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2026Article
- Avatars versus the people: Photo-realism, spontaneous detection and trait inferences of digitised faces.Perception · 2026Article
- AI Images vs. Real Photographs: Investigating Visual Recognition and Perception.Journal of eye movement research · 2025Article
- Training human super-recognizers' detection and discrimination of AI-generated faces.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- AI-generated images of familiar faces are indistinguishable from real photographs.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2025Article
- Voice clones sound realistic but not (yet) hyperrealistic.PloS one · 2025Article
- Sharing the World-A Social Aspect of Consciousness.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2025Article
- Capturing variability in children's faces: an artificial, yet realistic, face stimulus set.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Perceptions of artificial intelligence system's aptitude to judge morality and competence amidst the rise of Chatbots.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2024Article
- Attributions toward artificial agents in a modified Moral Turing Test.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Deepfake smiles matter less-the psychological and neural impact of presumed AI-generated faces.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Today more than ever, we are asked to evaluate the realness, truthfulness and trustworthiness of our social world. Here, we focus on how people evaluate realistic-looking faces of non-existing people generated by generative adversarial networks (GANs). GANs are increasingly used in marketing, journalism, social media, and political propaganda. In three studies, we investigated if and how participants can distinguish between GAN and REAL faces and the social consequences of their exposure to artificial faces. GAN faces were more likely to be perceived as
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.