ReviewFrontiers in neurorobotics2022
Measuring embodiment: A review of methods for prosthetic devices.
Review in Frontiers in neurorobotics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- EEG biomarkers of the sense of embodiment: methodological gaps and evidence-based recommendations from a systematic review.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Development of a Mixed-Reality Application for Volitional Step Training in People With Multiple Sclerosis: Cross-Sectional Qualitative User-Centered Co-Design Study.JMIR serious games · 2026Article
- Design and evaluation of a bone-anchored, neurally-controlled knee prosthesis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Projecting the new body: How body image evolves during learning to walk with a wearable robot.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Shared human-machine control of an intelligent bionic hand improves grasping and decreases cognitive burden for transradial amputees.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Outcomes and Preferences for Decision-Making for Upper Limb Prosthetic Care: The Patient Journey: A Scoping Literature Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Review
- A sensory neuroprosthesis enhances recovery from treadmill-induced stumbles for individuals with lower limb loss.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identifying EEG biomarkers of sense of embodiment in virtual reality: insights from spatio-spectral features.Frontiers in neuroergonomics · 2025Article
- Embodimetrics: A Principal Component Analysis Study of the Combined Assessment of Cardiac, Cognitive and Mobility Parameters.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Biomimetic computer-to-brain communication enhancing naturalistic touch sensations via peripheral nerve stimulation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Cortical Reorganization after Limb Loss: Bridging the Gap between Basic Science and Clinical Recovery.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Review
- Deciphering pain: molecular mechanisms and neurochemical pathways-challenges and future opportunities.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of neural interfaces to provide improved control and somatosensory feedback from prosthetic limbs has initiated a new ability to probe the various dimensions of embodiment. Scientists in the field of neuroprosthetics require dependable measures of ownership, body representation, and agency to quantify the sense of embodiment felt by patients for their prosthetic limbs. These measures are critical to perform generalizable experiments and compare the utility of the new technologies being developed. Here, we review outcome measures used in the literature to evaluate the senses of ownership, body-representation, and agency. We categorize these existing measures based on the fundamental psychometric property measured and whether it is a behavioral or physiological measure. We present arguments for the efficacy and pitfalls of each measure to guide better experimental designs and future outcome measure development. The purpose of this review is to aid prosthesis researchers and technology developers in understanding the concept of embodiment and selecting metrics to assess embodiment in their research. Advances in the ability to measure the embodiment of prosthetic devices have far-reaching implications in the improvement of prosthetic limbs as well as promoting a broader understanding of ourselves as embodied agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.