ReviewFrontiers in public health2022
Incidence and predictors of opportunistic infections in adolescents and adults after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy: A 10-year retrospective cohort study in Ethiopia.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Mortality and its predictors among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children younger than 15 years receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Opportunistic infections among schoolchildren who were on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Time to incidence of tuberculosis and its predictors among adult HIV/AIDS patients who initiated ART by the Universal Test and Treat approach in Silte Zone, Ethiopia, 2023.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Incidence and Predictors of Opportunistic Infection Among People Living With HIV in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS research and treatment · 2026Review
- A Machine Learning Model for Diagnosing Opportunistic Infections in HIV Patients: Broad Applicability Across Infection Types.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Evolving Disease Spectrum and Characteristics of People with HIV in Eastern China: A 12-Year Study.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Opportunistic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral therapy clinics in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Nutritional risk and HbA1c as critical risk factors and predictors of opportunistic infections in HIV-DM comorbid patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Impact factors of Blastocystis hominis infection in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus: a large-scale, multi-center observational study from China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Opportunistic infections (OIs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). However, there are few robust recent data on the rates of OIs and the risk factors that contribute to their occurrence. Therefore, the current study sought to determine the incidence of OIs and identify predictors among adolescents and adults after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (WSUCSH), Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was employed. The study population was adolescents and adults who initiated ART between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 537 participants' records. We reviewed the medical records of the sampled individuals from 1 May 2022 to 15 June 2022. KoboCollect version 2021.2.4 and STATA version 14.0 software were used for data collection and analysis, respectively. We calculated the incidence rate per 100 person-years of observation (PYO) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the occurrence of any OIs. The Weibull regression model was fitted after the goodness-of-fit test for the Cox proportional hazard model was deemed inadequate. An adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% CI was used to identify a significant predictor of OIs. The statistical significance was made at a 5% significance level. Results: A total of 515 participants contributed to 1,829 person-years of risk, of whom 164 (31.84%) exhibited at least one OI. The overall incidence rate of OIs was 8.97 cases (95% CI: 7.69, 10.44) per 100 PYO. The independent predictors of OIs were being female [AHR: 1.65 (95% CI (1.15, 2.36), Conclusion: The rate of OIs after the initiation of ART was still high. Moreover, being female, not taking CPT, poor adherence to ART, mild malnutrition, and advanced HIV disease at presentation were found to increase the hazards of developing OIs.
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