ReviewEuropean journal of neurology2023
European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome 2022 criteria for clinical diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviours: International consensus from experts in tic disorders.
Review in European journal of neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Premonitory urge in tic disorders - a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Therapist-guided, mobile app-assisted behavioural treatment for children and adolescents with chronic tic disorders: a pilot randomised controlled trial.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Pathways to Care for Young People Diagnosed With Functional Tic Like Behaviours in the United Kingdom: An Online Mixed-Methods Survey.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Autism in children and young people with functional tic-like behaviours: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Archives of disease in childhood · 2026Article
- Differentiating tics and functional tic-like behaviours in children and young people: personal and family mental health profiles and their clinical implications.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Alternative Treatment of the Resistant-to-Treatment Tourette Syndrome-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Psychiatric comorbidity in functional tics: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Mass Social Media-Induced Illness Presenting with Functional Tic-like Behaviors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- How do I Know That the Jerks I See Are Tics?Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Review
- Quality improvement project to routinely identify sensory and eating challenges in childhood neurodevelopmental movement disorders.BMJ open quality · 2025Article
- The Phenomenology of Tics in Adults: Data From the Calgary and Paris Adult Tic Disorders Registry.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Machine learning based predictive model of the risk of Tourette syndrome with SHAP value interpretation: a retrospective observational study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Neurodevelopmental Tics with Co-Morbid Functional Tic-like Behaviors: Diagnostic Challenges of a Complex Tourette Syndrome Phenotype.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- A Critical Examination of the Clinical Diagnosis of Functional Tic-like Behaviors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Review
- Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal training on anxiety disorders in children with Tourette's syndrome.World journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Psychological Factors Associated with Functional Tic-like Behaviours during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
- Testing the specificity of phenomenological criteria for functional tic-like behaviours in youth with Tourette syndrome.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Functional Tic-like Behaviors: From the COVID-19 Pandemic to the Post-Pandemic Era.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- What are the Key Phenomenological Clues to Diagnose Functional Tic-Like Behaviors in the Pandemic Era?Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 17 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeIn 2020, health professionals witnessed a dramatic increase in referrals of young people with rapid onset of severe tic-like behaviours. We assembled a working group to develop criteria for the clinical diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviours (FTLBs) to help neurologists, pediatricians, psychiatrists, and psychologists recognize and diagnose this condition.
methodsWe used a formal consensus development process, using a multiround, web-based Delphi survey. The survey was based on an in-person discussion at the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome (ESSTS) meeting in Lausanne in June 2022. Members of an invited group with extensive clinical experience working with patients with Tourette syndrome and FTLBs discussed potential clinical criteria for diagnosis of FTLBs. An initial set of criteria were developed based on common clinical experiences and review of the literature on FTLBs and revised through iterative discussions, resulting in the survey items for voting.
resultsIn total, 24 members of the working group were invited to participate in the Delphi process. We propose that there are three major criteria and two minor criteria to support the clinical diagnosis of FTLBs. A clinically definite diagnosis of FTLBs can be confirmed by the presence of all three major criteria. A clinically probable diagnosis of FTLBs can be confirmed by the presence of two major criteria and one minor criterion.
conclusionsDistinguishing FTLBs from primary tics is important due to the distinct treatment paths required for these two conditions. A limitation of the ESSTS 2022 criteria is that they lack prospective testing of their sensitivity and specificity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.