SynthesisPloS one2022
Tuberculosis and risk of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of tuberculosis among patients with cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of global data.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond Cure: A Scoping Review of Post-Tuberculosis Long-Term Health Outcomes.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Concurrent Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma and Prostate Tuberculosis: A Case Report.IJU case reports · 2026Article
- Long-term risk of death after tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- High prevalence of persistent tuberculosis-related symptoms 6 months after treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Observational
- Tuberculosis Preceding Lung Cancer: A Contemporary Meta-Analysis Revealing a Critical Gap in Post-2020 Evidence.Cancers · 2026Review
- Scars That Speak: Unraveling the Oncogenic Aftermath of Pulmonary Tuberculosis-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Post-TB care in the UK: a national survey of existing practice.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- From granulomas to tumors: post-tuberculosis immune and structural lung remodeling as a driver of carcinogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Deciphering the Molecular Interactions of Tuberculosis and Colorectal Cancer: A Network and RNA-Seq Data Analysis Approach.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Distinguishing tuberculosis from malignancy when multisystem involvement occurs: a case description.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence can match domain experts in evidence extraction and critical appraisal of microbial oncogenesis research publications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Molecular links between tuberculosis and lung cancer: pathogenesis and therapeutic challenges.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Integrating Inflammatory and Epigenetic Signatures in IBD-Associated Colorectal Carcinogenesis: Models, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- DNA methylation patterns associated with prior tuberculosis infection in people with HIV.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of tuberculosis infection with the development of active tuberculosis and comorbidities in rural China: a 10-year follow-up results of a population-based, multicentre, prospective study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- In Silico Evaluation of Quinolone-Triazole and Conazole-Triazole Hybrids as Promising Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Concomitant Splenic Tuberculosis and Epstein-Barr Virus-Related T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in a 28-Year-Old Pregnant Woman in South Sudan.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Post-tuberculosis lung disease: towards prevention, diagnosis, and care.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCancer is a major cause of death among people who experience tuberculosis (TB), but little is known about its timing and incidence following TB treatment. Our primary objectives were to estimate the pooled risk of all and site-specific malignancies in people with TB compared to the general population or suitable controls. Our secondary objective was to describe the pooled risk of cancer at different time points following TB diagnosis.
methodsThis study was prospectively registered (PROSPERO: CRD42021277819). We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database for studies published between 1980 and 2021. We included original observational research articles that estimated cancer risk among people with TB compared to controls. Studies were excluded if they had a study population of fewer than 50 individuals; used cross-sectional, case series, or case report designs; and had a follow-up period of less than 12 months. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain the pooled risk of cancer in the TB population.
resultsOf the 5,160 unique studies identified, data from 17 studies were included. When compared to controls, the pooled standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of all cancer (SIR 1.62, 95% CI 1.35-1.93, I2 = 97%) and lung cancer (SIR 3.20, 95% CI 2.21-4.63, I2 = 90%) was increased in the TB population. The pooled risk of all cancers and lung cancer was highest within the first year following TB diagnosis (SIR 4.70, 95% CI 1.80-12.27, I2 = 99%) but remained over five years of follow-up.
conclusionsPeople with TB have an increased risk of both pulmonary and non-pulmonary cancers. Further research on cancer following TB diagnosis is needed to develop effective screening and early detection strategies. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for cancer in people with TB, particularly in the first year following TB diagnosis.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.