ArticleiScience2022
Cultural and demic co-diffusion of Tubo Empire on Tibetan Plateau.
Article in iScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic characterization of historical Jinlingnan individuals: insights into genetic continuity and trans-Eurasian signals in eastern China.Human genetics · 2026Article
- Article
- Population history and subsistence of farming communities in an agro-pastoral transition zone of northern China: ancient DNA and isotopic evidence from the Erdaojingzi site.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multidisciplinary analyses and ancient DNA reveal social inequality and mobility in the Central Plains during the Eastern Zhou period in China.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Ancient genomes give insight into 160,000 years of East Asian population dynamics and biological adaptation.Genome biology · 2025Review
- Patrilineages of ethnolinguistically diverse populations reveal multifactorial influences on Chinese paternal population stratification.BMC biology · 2025Article
- The genomic history of East Asian Middle Neolithic millet- and rice-agricultural populations.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Article
- Genetic and cultural adaptations underlie the establishment of dairy pastoralism in the Tibetan Plateau.BMC biology · 2023Article
- Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A high point of Tibetan Plateau (TP) civilization, the expansive Tubo Empire (618-842 AD) wielded great influence across ancient western China. However, whether the Tubo expansion was cultural or demic remains unclear due to sparse ancient DNA sampling. Here, we reported ten ancient genomes at 0.017- to 0.867-fold coverages from the Dulan site with typical Tubo archaeological culture dating to 1308-1130 BP. Nine individuals from three different grave types have close relationship with previously reported ancient highlanders from the southwestern Himalayas and modern core-Tibetan populations. A Dulan-related Tubo ancestry contributed overwhelmingly (95%-100%) to the formation of modern Tibetans. A genetic outlier with dominant Eurasian steppe-related ancestry suggesting a potential population movement into the Tubo-controlled regions from Central Asia. Together with archeological evidence from burial styles and customs, our study suggested the impact of the Tubo empire on the northeast edge of the TP involved both cultural and demic diffusion.
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