Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36581813›Full record

ArticleBMC gastroenterology2022

The epidemiological trends of biliary tract cancers in the United States of America.

Yong Jiang, Liyong Jiang, Feiyu Li, Qingbin Li, Shuai Yuan, Songhan Huang, Yingda Fu, Xiangyu Yan, Ji Chen, Hongxin Li and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Guideline
  4. A Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab plus Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Advanced Biliary Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
    Article
  5. Extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to ampullary carcinoma in a dog.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026
    Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Survival outcomes and prognostic factors inFrontiers in oncology · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yong JiangDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Liyong JiangDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Feiyu LiDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Qingbin LiDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Shuai YuanDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Songhan HuangDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Yingda FuDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Xiangyu YanDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Ji ChenDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Hongxin LiDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Shenhao LiDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Jun LiuDepartment of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324, Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, China. dr_liujun1967@126.com.

Funding

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program) No.81770646
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a series of heterogeneous malignancies that are broadly grouped based on the anatomical site where they arise into subtypes including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), and ampulla of Vater cancer (AVC). METHODS AND

resultsThe present study provides an overview of the epidemiology of the various BTCs based on data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000 to 2018. Distinct differences in both incidence and mortality rates were observed for these BTCs as a function of age, sex, ethnicity, and calendar year. In 2018, BTCs emerged as the fifth most prevalent form of alimentary tract cancer in the USA. While the incidence and mortality of ICC appear to be increasing, the incidence rates of GBC, ECC, and AVC have remained stable, as have the corresponding mortality rates. The most common and deadliest BTCs in 2018 were ICC and GBC among males and females, respectively. The ethnic groups exhibiting the highest incidence rates of these different BTCs were American Indians and Alaska Natives for GBC, and Asian and Pacific Islanders for ICC, ECC, and AVC. The incidence of all of these forms of BTC rose with age. There were some variations in BTCs in terms of staging, locoregional surgical treatments, adjuvant therapies, and prognostic outcomes from 2000 to 2018.

conclusionsThe epidemiological characteristics, staging, locoregional surgical treatments, adjuvant therapies, and prognostic outcomes were distinct for each of these BTCs.

Indexed as

Bile Duct NeoplasmsBiliary Tract NeoplasmsCholangiocarcinomaGallbladder NeoplasmsBile Ducts, IntrahepaticFemaleHumansMaleUnited StatesAmpulla of Vater cancer (AVC)Biliary tract cancers (BTCs)Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC)Gallbladder cancer (GBC)Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)

Identifiers

PMID36581813
PMCPMC9801670

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.