ArticleInternational journal of biological macromolecules2023
Proteolytic activation of human-specific Olduvai domains by the furin protease.
Article in International journal of biological macromolecules, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- HERV-K HML-2 transcriptional profiling and splicing pattern unveiled by direct single-molecule long-read RNA sequencing.Mobile DNA · 2026Article
- Evolutionary Restructuring and Systematic Review of theJournal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Olduvai domain expression downregulates mitochondrial pathways: implications for human brain evolution and neoteny.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Selection of Olduvai Domains during Evolution: A Role for Primate-Specific Splicing Super-Enhancer and RNA Guanine Quadruplex in BipartiteBrain sciences · 2022Article
- Solution NMR backbone assignments of disordered Olduvai protein domain CON1 employing Hα-detected experiments.Biomolecular NMR assignments · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Olduvai protein domains (formerly DUF1220) show the greatest human-specific increase in copy number of any coding region in the genome and are highly correlated with human brain evolution and cognitive disease. The majority of human copies are found within four NBPF genes organized in a variable number of a tandemly arranged three-domain blocks called Olduvai triplets. Here we show that these human-specific Olduvai domains are posttranslationally processed by the furin protease, with a cleavage site occurring once at each triplet. These findings suggest that all expanded human-specific NBPF genes encode proproteins consisting of many independent Olduvai triplet proteins which are activated by furin processing. The exceptional correlation of Olduvai copy number and brain size taken together with our new furin data, indicates the ultimate target of selection was a rapid increase in dosage of autonomously functioning Olduvai triplet proteins, and that these proteins are the primary active agent underlying Olduvai's role in human brain expansion.
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