Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36577843›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2023

Hydroxychloroquine lowers Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk and rescues molecular phenotypes related to Alzheimer's disease.

Vijay R Varma, Rishi J Desai, Sheeja Navakkode, Lik-Wei Wong, Carlos Anerillas, Tina Loeffler, Irene Schilcher, Mufaddal Mahesri, Kristyn Chin, Daniel B Horton and 7 more

Open access · hybridFull text read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Simvastatin rescues cognitive impairment in an AβNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
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  17. Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  18. Noggin alleviates neuropathic pain by regulating microglial polarization and remodeling iron homeostasis via a STAT3-dependent pathway.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Vijay R VarmaClinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7143-7726
Rishi J DesaiDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sheeja NavakkodeLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Lik-Wei WongDepartment of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Carlos AnerillasLaboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4424-7913
Tina LoefflerQPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria.
Irene SchilcherQPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria.
Mufaddal MahesriDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Kristyn ChinDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel B HortonCenter for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1831-1339
Seoyoung C KimDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tobias GerhardCenter for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Jodi B SegalDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sebastian SchneeweissDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Myriam GorospeLaboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Sreedharan SajikumarDepartment of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-5761-8982
Madhav ThambisettyClinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA. thambisettym@mail.nih.gov.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USNational University of Singapore · SGNational Institutes of Health · USQPS (Austria) · ATRutgers, The State University of New Jersey · USInstitute on Aging · USJohns Hopkins University · USNational Institute on Aging · US

Funding

Influence of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation on Cell Senescence and AgingZIAAG000393 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GOROSPE, MYRIAM · 2009 to 2025
$24.1M
RNA-binding Factors Implicated in Neurogenesis, Alzheimer's Disease, and other Neurodegenerative PathologiesZIAAG000518 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GOROSPE, MYRIAM · 2009 to 2025
$11.6M
New Cures from Old Medicines - Targeting abnormal metabolism in Alzheimer's DiseaseZIAAG000436 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI RESNICK, SUSAN · 2019 to 2024
$950k
Experimental validation of candidate AD treatments identified by multi-OMICS analyses and real-world clinical evidenceZIAAG000438 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI RESNICK, SUSAN · 2023 to 2024
$53k
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We recently nominated cytokine signaling through the Janus-kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway as a potential AD drug target. As hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has recently been shown to inactivate STAT3, we hypothesized that it may impact AD pathogenesis and risk. Among 109,124 rheumatoid arthritis patients from routine clinical care, HCQ initiation was associated with a lower risk of incident AD compared to methotrexate initiation across 4 alternative analyses schemes addressing specific types of biases including informative censoring, reverse causality, and outcome misclassification (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of 0.92 [0.83-1.00], 0.87 [0.81-0.93], 0.84 [0.76-0.93], and 0.87 [0.75-1.01]). We additionally show that HCQ exerts dose-dependent effects on late long-term potentiation (LTP) and rescues impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity prior to significant accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurodegeneration in APP/PS1 mice. Additionally, HCQ treatment enhances microglial clearance of Aβ

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHydroxychloroquineMiceMice, TransgenicPhenotypeAmyloid beta-PeptidesAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorHydroxychloroquine

Identifiers

PMID36577843
PMCPMC10005941
OpenAlexW4313279977

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read56
identifiers read2
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.