Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36576188›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Efficacy of virtual reality assisted guided imagery (VRAGI) in a home setting for pain management in patients with advanced cancer: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

George Hartshorn, Matthew Browning, Kapil Chalil Madathil, Fredric Mau, Shyam Ranganathan, Andrew Todd, Jeff Bertrand, Allison Maynard, Olivia McAnirlin, Kailan Sindelar and 2 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05348174 (Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality Assisted Guided Imagery), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05348174 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality Assisted Guided Imagery (VRAGI) for Pain Management in Advanced Cancer Patients: Protocol for Efficacy, Feasibility, and Safety in a Home Setting

TypeinterventionalSponsorPrisma Health-UpstateRan2023 to 2025Enrolled41ConditionsCancer Pain, Oncology, Virtual Reality, Depression, AnxietyArmsVirtual Reality Assisted Guided Imagery (VRAGI)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

George HartshornUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, South Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1267-7583
Matthew BrowningVirtual Reality and Nature Lab, Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2296-7602
Kapil Chalil MadathilDepartments of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Clemson University College of Health Education and Human Development, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Fredric MauWatermark Counseling, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Shyam RanganathanSchool of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Andrew ToddDepartment of Computing and Applied Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Jeff BertrandCenter for Workforce Development, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Allison MaynardDepartment of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Olivia McAnirlinDepartment of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Kailan SindelarCommunication and Information Design, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Rosalba HernandezSchool of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Teny Henry GomezDivision of Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Prisma Health, Greenville, South Carolina, USA Teny.Gomez@prismahealth.org.ORCID 0000-0001-5554-6930
Clemson University · USPrisma Health · USUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USUniversity of South Carolina · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPatients with advanced cancer often experience high levels of debilitating pain and pain-related psychological distress. Although there is increasing evidence that non-pharmacological interventions are needed to manage their pain, pharmacologic modalities remain the preferred treatment . Guided imagery is a form of focused relaxation that helps create harmony between the mind and body and has been shown to significantly improve cancer pain. Our study presents Virtual Reality Assisted Guided Imagery (VRAGI) as a complementary treatment modality to manage chronic pain in patients with cancer. We will conduct a randomised controlled trial to test its impact on patients with advanced cancer in a home setting. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will recruit 80 patients from Prisma Health, a tertiary-level healthcare centre based in Greenville, South Carolina, USA. The prospective 2×2 randomised controlled trial will randomise participants into four groups: (1) VRAGI, (2) laptop-assisted guided imagery, (3) VR (no guided imagery) and (4) laptop (no guided imagery). Patients allocated to VR groups will be trained to use a head-mounted display that immerses them in 3D audio-video content. The non-VR group will use a laptop displaying 2D video content. We will collect measures before and during the 3-week intervention as well as 3 weeks after the intervention ends. Measures will include patient-reported outcomes of pain, anxiety, depression and fatigue in addition to opioid use. The primary objective of the current study is to assess the efficacy of VRAGI on pain in the home setting. The secondary objective is to assess the efficacy of VRAGI on opioid use, anxiety, depression and fatigue. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Prisma Health Institutional Review Board (#Pro00114598) in November 2021. All participants enrolled in the study will provide written informed consent. Dissemination will be through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05348174, clinicaltrials.gov.

Indexed as

Chronic PainNeoplasmsVirtual RealityAnalgesics, OpioidFatigueHumansPain ManagementProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnalgesics, Opioidanxiety disorderscancer paindepression & mood disordersoncologypain managementpalliative care

Identifiers

PMID36576188
PMCPMC9723889
OpenAlexW4311550345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.