Trial reportClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Three-Month Symptom Profiles Among Symptomatic Adults With Positive and Negative Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Tests: A Prospective Cohort Study From the INSPIRE Group.
Trial report in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04610515 (Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-COV2 Infections), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-COV2 Infections (COVID-19) Registry (INSPIRE)
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characterizing acute and persistent symptoms of COVID-19 among adults and children in rural Zambia, 2020-2022.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection on Long-Term Symptoms in the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Race, Ethnicity, and Gender Differences in Patient Reported Well-Being and Cognitive Functioning Within 3 Months of Symptomatic Illness During COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Ongoing Symptoms After Acute SARS-CoV-2 or Influenza Infection in a Case-Ascertained Household Transmission Study: 7 US Sites, 2021-2023.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Comparison of long-term health-related quality of life and symptoms between COVID-19 patients and test-negative controls during the Omicron-predominant period in Japan.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Assessment of health conditions from patient electronic health record portals vs self-reported questionnaires: an analysis of the INSPIRE study.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- Differences in Long COVID severity by duration of illness, symptom evolution, and vaccination: a longitudinal cohort study from the INSPIRE group.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Participant engagement in a national longitudinal study of COVID-19: Insights from the INSPIRE study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effects of long COVID on healthcare utilization.PloS one · 2025Observational
- Clinical characterization of acute COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 Conditions 3 months following infection: A cohort study among Indigenous adults and children in the Southwestern United States.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Predictors of Long COVID Among Symptomatic US Adults Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2 at a National Retail Pharmacy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association of long COVID with housing insecurity in the United States, 2022-2023.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of BNT162b2 BA.4/5 Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccine against Long COVID Symptoms: A US Nationwide Study.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Long COVID-associated symptoms prevalent in both SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative individuals: A prospective follow-up study.New microbes and new infections · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment by Symptom-Based Long COVID Status and Age in the US.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 and effects of booster vaccination with BNT162b2 on six-month long COVID symptoms, quality of life, work productivity and activity impairment during Omicron.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2023Article
- Long COVID Clinical Phenotypes up to 6 Months After Infection Identified by Latent Class Analysis of Self-Reported Symptoms.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Severe Fatigue and Persistent Symptoms at 3 Months Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections During the Pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron Time Periods: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLong-term symptoms following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are a major concern, yet their prevalence is poorly understood.
methodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study comparing adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection (coronavirus disease-positive [COVID+]) with adults who tested negative (COVID-), enrolled within 28 days of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved SARS-CoV-2 test result for active symptoms. Sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection (assessed with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] Person Under Investigation Symptom List), and symptoms of post-infectious syndromes (ie, fatigue, sleep quality, muscle/joint pains, unrefreshing sleep, and dizziness/fainting, assessed with CDC Short Symptom Screener for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) were assessed at baseline and 3 months via electronic surveys sent via text or email.
resultsAmong the first 1000 participants, 722 were COVID+ and 278 were COVID-. Mean age was 41.5 (SD 15.2); 66.3% were female, 13.4% were Black, and 15.3% were Hispanic. At baseline, SARS-CoV-2 symptoms were more common in the COVID+ group than the COVID- group. At 3 months, SARS-CoV-2 symptoms declined in both groups, although were more prevalent in the COVID+ group: upper respiratory symptoms/head/eyes/ears/nose/throat (HEENT; 37.3% vs 20.9%), constitutional (28.8% vs 19.4%), musculoskeletal (19.5% vs 14.7%), pulmonary (17.6% vs 12.2%), cardiovascular (10.0% vs 7.2%), and gastrointestinal (8.7% vs 8.3%); only 50.2% and 73.3% reported no symptoms at all. Symptoms of post-infectious syndromes were similarly prevalent among the COVID+ and COVID- groups at 3 months.
conclusionsApproximately half of COVID+ participants, as compared with one-quarter of COVID- participants, had at least 1 SARS-CoV-2 symptom at 3 months, highlighting the need for future work to distinguish long COVID. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT04610515.
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