ArticleBMC public health2022
Development of the Chinese preschooler dietary index: a tool to assess overall diet quality.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Healthy Diet Metrics for Children and Adolescents and Their Suitability for Global Monitoring: A Critical Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Development and External Validation of the Cantonese Dietary Index: A Population-Based Approach to Assess Diet Quality and Metabolic Risk.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Diabetes modifies the cross-sectional association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 and clinically relevant depressive symptoms: a NHANES analysis with an independent hospital-based replication cohort.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The dual role of vitamin C in cancer: from antioxidant prevention to prooxidant therapeutic applications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- The development of a dietary nutrient density educational tool and the investigation of its acceptance by Chinese residents from Henan province.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association between soybean product consumption and executive function in Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiet quality in early childhood has a long-term impact on health outcomes. However, there are scarce dietary indexes for Chinese preschool children, and the existing indexes had limited validity and reliability. This study thus aimed to develop a dietary index for preschool children based on the Chinese Dietary Guideline and Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes and to assess their overall diet quality using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).
methodsThe Chinese Preschooler Dietary Index (CPDI) included 11 components, covering 9 food group components and two nutrient components. The total scores of CPDI ranged from 0 to 90, with a higher score indicating greater diet quality. This study assessed the diet quality of 1742 preschoolers aged two to five years old from CHNS using the CPDI. Dietary intake data were obtained using three-day 24-h diet recalls, and sociodemographic information was also collected. Cochran-Mantel-Haensel (CMH) test was used to explore the association between demographic and CPDI total scores. The principal component analysis, correlation analysis and Cronbach's alpha were used to evaluate the relative reliability and validity of the CPDI. Finally, a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to explore potential influencing factors of CPDI.
resultsAmong the 1742 CHNS preschool children, more than 70% resided in rural areas and 41.2% of the sample were raised in a low-income family. The mean CPDI score of the preschoolers was 38.8 ± 12.9. Higher diet scores were correlated with higher energy and nutrient intake. Children with higher age (β = 0.93, SE = 0.26, P = 0.0003), raised in a home with higher household income (β = 3.11, SE = 0.27, P < 0.0001) or living in urban areas (β = -4.44, SE = 0.66, P < 0.0001) were associated with higher CPDI scores.
conclusionsThe CPDI is useful in evaluating the diet quality of preschool children. Based on the CPDI, the diet quality of Chinese preschoolers needs to be improved, especially in rural areas.
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