ArticleResuscitation2023
Methods for calculating ventilation rates during resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Article in Resuscitation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advanced Airway Devices and End-Tidal Capnography Trends in Cardiac Arrest: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Prediction of in-hospital mortality risk in cardiac arrest patients using machine learning models: a study based on the MIMIC-IV database with external validation from Yunnan University Affiliated Hospital.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Contemporary issues in pediatric prehospital airway management.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Ventilation Rates and Capnography in Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest with Advanced Airways.Prehospital emergency care · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveVentilation control is important during resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We compared different methods for calculating ventilation rates (VR) during OHCA.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial, identifying ventilations through capnogram recordings. We determined VR by: 1) counting the number of breaths within a time epoch ("counted" VR), and 2) calculating the mean of the inverse of measured time between breaths within a time epoch ("measured" VR). We repeated the VR estimates using different time epochs (10, 20, 30, 60 sec). We defined hypo- and hyperventilation as VR <6 and >12 breaths/min, respectively. We assessed differences in estimated hypo- and hyperventilation with each VR measurement technique.
resultsOf 3,004 patients, data were available for 1,010. With the counted method, total hypoventilation increased with longer time epochs ([10-s epoch: 75 sec hypoventilation] to [60-s epoch: 97 sec hypoventilation]). However, with the measured method, total hypoventilation decreased with longer time epochs ([10-s epoch: 223 sec hypoventilation] to [60-s epoch: 150 sec hypoventilation]). With the counted method, the total duration of hyperventilation decreased with longer time epochs ([10-s epochs: 35 sec hyperventilation] to [60-s epoch: 0 sec hyperventilation]). With the measured method, total hyperventilation decreased with longer time epochs ([10-s epoch: 78 sec hyperventilation] to [60-s epoch: 0 sec hyperventilation]). Differences between the measured and counted estimates were smallest with a 60-s time epoch.
conclusionsQuantifications of hypo- and hyperventilation vary with the applied measurement methods. Measurement methods are important when characterizing ventilation rates in OHCA.
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