Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36572005›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2023

Multi-Year Comparison of Community- and Species-Level West Nile Virus Antibody Prevalence in Birds from Atlanta, Georgia and Chicago, Illinois, 2005-2016.

Joseph R McMillan, Gabriel L Hamer, Rebecca S Levine, Daniel G Mead, Lance A Waller, Tony L Goldberg, Edward D Walker, Jeffrey D Brawn, Marilyn O Ruiz, Uriel Kitron and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cross-Protection between West Nile Virus and Emerging Flaviviruses in Wild Birds.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Joseph R McMillanProgram in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Gabriel L HamerDepartment of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.
Rebecca S LevineProgram in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Daniel G MeadSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
Lance A WallerProgram in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Tony L GoldbergDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Edward D WalkerDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
Jeffrey D BrawnDepartment of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana, Urbana, Illinois.
Marilyn O RuizDepartment of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana, Urbana, Illinois.
Uriel KitronProgram in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Gonzalo Vazquez-ProkopecProgram in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Emory University · USUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USMichigan State University · USTexas A&M University · USUniversity of Georgia · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV) is prevalent in the United States but shows considerable variation in transmission intensity. The purpose of this study was to compare patterns of WNV seroprevalence in avian communities sampled in Atlanta, Georgia and Chicago, Illinois during a 12-year period (Atlanta 2010-2016; Chicago 2005-2012) to reveal regional patterns of zoonotic activity of WNV. WNV antibodies were measured in wild bird sera using ELISA and serum neutralization methods, and seroprevalence among species, year, and location of sampling within each city were compared using binomial-distributed generalized linear mixed-effects models. Seroprevalence was highest in year-round and summer-resident species compared with migrants regardless of region; species explained more variance in seroprevalence within each city. Northern cardinals were the species most likely to test positive for WNV in each city, whereas all other species, on average, tested positive for WNV in proportion to their sample size. Despite similar patterns of seroprevalence among species, overall seroprevalence was higher in Atlanta (13.7%) than in Chicago (5%). Location and year of sampling had minor effects, with location explaining more variation in Atlanta and year explaining more variation in Chicago. Our findings highlight the nature and magnitude of regional differences in WNV urban ecology.

Indexed as

Bird DiseasesWest Nile FeverWest Nile virusAnimalsAntibodies, ViralBirdsChicagoGeorgiaIllinoisPrevalenceSeroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, Viral

Identifiers

PMID36572005
PMCPMC9896344
OpenAlexW4312179613

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.