ArticleFrontiers in psychology2022
Midlife occupational cognitive requirements protect cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive reserve.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Younger Age of First Exposure to American Football Is Associated with Worse Informant-Reported Clinical Outcomes in Older Age Brain Donors.Journal of neurotrauma · 2026Article
- Trajectories of late-life job insecurity and labor force participation: Associations with cognitive function and impairment in the Health and Retirement Study's harmonized cognitive assessment protocol.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Pathways to resilience: relationships between cognitive reserve, psychological debt, and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Occupational social interaction is associated with reduced dementia risk: The Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).Psychology and aging · 2026Article
- Better together - efficacy of combined physical and cognitive training in young adults for enhancing physical and cognitive performance: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Genetic Proxies of Cognitive Reserve in Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Multi-Cohort Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Shorter Telomere Length in Individuals with Neurocognitive Disorder andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Physical and mental demands of work associated with dementia risk in later life.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Variations in body condition score, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers predict cognitive changes in clinically healthy senior cats.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Identifying longitudinal cognitive resilience from cross-sectional amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- GBA moderates cognitive reserve's effect on cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Trajectories of Occupational Cognitive Demands and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Later Life: The HUNT4 70+ Study.Neurology · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: The Search for a Breakthrough.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Effects of cognitive and stress management training in middle-aged and older industrial workers in different socioeconomic settings: a randomized controlled study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
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Abstract
Introduction: Several lifestyle factors promote protection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) throughout a person's lifespan. Although such protective effects have been described for occupational cognitive requirements (OCR) in midlife, it is currently unknown whether they are conveyed by brain maintenance (BM), brain reserve (BR), or cognitive reserve (CR) or a combination of them. Methods: We systematically derived hypotheses for these resilience concepts and tested them in the population-based AgeCoDe cohort and memory clinic-based AD high-risk DELCODE study. The OCR score (OCRS) was measured using job activities based on the O*NET occupational classification system. Four sets of analyses were conducted: (1) the interaction of OCR and APOE-ε4 with regard to cognitive decline (N = 2,369, AgeCoDe), (2) association with differentially shaped retrospective trajectories before the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT; N = 474, AgeCoDe), (3) cross-sectional interaction of the OCR and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and brain structural measures regarding memory function (N = 873, DELCODE), and (4) cross-sectional and longitudinal association of OCR with CSF AD biomarkers and brain structural measures (N = 873, DELCODE). Results: Regarding (1), higher OCRS was associated with a reduced association of APOE-ε4 with cognitive decline (mean follow-up = 6.03 years), consistent with CR and BR. Regarding (2), high OCRS was associated with a later onset but subsequently stronger cognitive decline in individuals converting to DAT, consistent with CR. Regarding (3), higher OCRS was associated with a weaker association of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio and hippocampal volume with memory function, consistent with CR. Regarding (4), OCR was not associated with the levels or changes in CSF AD biomarkers (mean follow-up = 2.61 years). We found a cross-sectional, age-independent association of OCRS with some MRI markers, but no association with 1-year-change. OCR was not associated with the intracranial volume. These results are not completely consistent with those of BR or BM. Discussion: Our results support the link between OCR and CR. Promoting and seeking complex and stimulating work conditions in midlife could therefore contribute to increased resistance to pathologies in old age and might complement prevention measures aimed at reducing pathology.
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