The aftermath of Covid-19: The rise of pandemic animosity among consumers and its scale development.

Muhammad Zahid Nawaz, Shahid Nawaz, Francisco Guzmán, Daria Plotkina

Open access · greenAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of business research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Muhammad Zahid NawazSchool of Public Administration, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, Liaoning 116025, China.

Shahid NawazInstitute of Business Management and Administrative Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

Francisco GuzmánDepartment of Marketing, G. Brint Ryan College of Business, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.

Daria PlotkinaEM Strasbourg Business School, University of Strasbourg, HuManiS (UR 7308), Strasbourg, France.

Dongbei University of Finance and Economics · CNInstitute of Business Management · PKUniversité de Strasbourg · FRUniversity of North Texas · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Consumer animosity captures negative attitudes to foreign products and impacts willingness to buy them. Existing constructs nevertheless fail to account for an emerging dimension: pandemic animosity. This article heeds recent calls to develop a pandemic animosity measurement scale. Its purpose is to: (i) extend Klein et al.'s (1998) animosity model by adding the pandemic animosity construct, (ii) provide a measurement scale for pandemic animosity, and (iii) explain how pandemic animosity impacts consumers' willingness to buy. Study 1 analyzes qualitative data from in-depth personal interviews with NVivo to identify themes and codes. An expert panel helped reach consensus of all indicators. Study 2 filters scale items using a pilot sample. Study 3 validates a 12-item scale with a larger representative sample. The results contribute to the consumer animosity literature by confirming the existence of pandemic animosity, providing an actionable measure, and confirming its negative impact on consumers' willingness to buy.

Indexed as

Consumer animosityCOVID-19Pandemic animosityScale developmentWillingness to buy

Identifiers

PMID36568523

DOI10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113550

PMCPMC9767895

OpenAlexW4313255727

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.