ArticleSustainable cities and society2021
Are high-density districts more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Article in Sustainable cities and society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of the built environment and human factors on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic literature review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Pooled it
- Estimation of direct and indirect costs associated with obesity treatment interventions among adult populations in Iran.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Influence of urban morphology on COVID-19 transmission in Saudi Arabia: lessons for the post-COVID era.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- EpiGeoPop: a tool for developing spatially accurate country-level epidemiological models.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Explaining international differences in excess mortality due to Covid-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Drug utilisation patterns & clinical outcomes in hospitalised COVID-19 patients: A geospatial & machine learning approach.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Analysis of factors influencing dengue prevention KAP among urban residents in Guangzhou and evaluation of mHealth intervention effects.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 virus among patients with acute febrile illness in selected sites of Ethiopia 2021-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Does land cover affect the growth rate of COVID-19? Rethinking sustainable habitat from the One Health perspective using data from 12 cities during lockdown in Hubei Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Risk Index of Regional Infection Expansion of COVID-19: Moving Direction Entropy Study Using Mobility Data and Its Application to Tokyo.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Unmasking the long-term effects: unravelling neuropsychiatric and neurological consequences of COVID-19.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
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- Understanding the progress of COVID-19 transmission in a rural district: a social network approach.PeerJ · 2024Article
- COVID-19 is linked to changes in the time-space dimension of human mobility.Nature human behaviour · 2023Article
- Tokyo's COVID-19: An urban perspective on factors influencing infection rates in a global city.Sustainable cities and society · 2023Article
- On the post-pandemic travel boom: How capacity building and smart tourism technologies in rural areas can help - evidence from Iran.Technological forecasting and social change · 2023Article
- The effects of city morphology on airborne transmission of COVID-19. Case study: Port Said City, Egypt.Urban climate · 2023Article
- Identification of source location in a single-sided building with natural ventilation: Case of interunit pollutant dispersion.Journal of building engineering · 2023Article
- Interactive impacts of walkability, social vulnerability, & travel behavior on COVID-19 mortality: A hierarchical Bayesian spatial random parameter approach.Sustainable cities and society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought questions about the desirability of compact urban development to the fore. There are some concerns that high density may be a risk factor that makes it challenging to contain the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the link between density and pandemic spread through a case study of Tehran that has been the epicenter of the pandemic in Iran. Based on data obtained from an online platform and analyzed using structural equation modeling, we found that density alone cannot be considered a risk factor for the spread of COVID-19. In fact, density alone did not explain the geographic distribution pattern of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths across the 22 municipal districts of Tehran. We, therefore, argue that efforts should be made to minimize concerns about living in dense urban environments. Indeed, residents of high-density districts can live safely when an outbreak occurs, provided they make some changes in lifestyle and follow public health instructions. Based on the findings, and considering other benefits of compact cities (e.g., climate change mitigation) planners and policy makers are encouraged to continue promoting compact urban forms. They can also use the results of this study in their efforts towards developing appropriate mechanisms and guidelines for effective management of future pandemics in cities.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.