ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2022
Cyclin G2 in macrophages triggers CTL-mediated antitumor immunity and antiangiogenesis via interferon-gamma.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Loss of NCCRP1 overcomes immune evasion in lung adenocarcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- A Unique Protein Adjuvant for Precision Immunotherapy to Prevent Recurrence of Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- An atlas of cGAS-STING signaling in pathophysiological angiogenesis and retinal vascular homeostasis across species.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Targeting cellular source-specific CXCL9 signaling for immunotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The roles of cell cycle proteins in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Microenvironmental regulation and remodeling of breast cancer angiogenesis: from basic mechanisms to clinical therapeutic implications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Dual regulation of gastrointestinal tumor progression by the IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway and prospects for targeted therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolite phenylacetylglutamine inhibits the progression of prostate cancer by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Angiogenesis, a key point in the association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with disease.European journal of medical research · 2024Review
- In Situ Nanofiber Patch Boosts Postoperative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Activation by Trimodal Combination Therapy.ACS nano · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIFN-γ is a key mediator of tumor immunity that can induce macrophage polarization to suppress tumor growth. Cyclin G2 functions as a tumor suppressor in various cancer cells; however, its role in macrophages remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of cyclin G2 in macrophages in vitro and in vivo.
methodsMouse tumor models were used to determine the effect of cyclin G2 in macrophages on tumor growth in vivo following IFN-γ treatment. Immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and blood vessels in the mouse tumors. Moreover, the biological roles of cyclin G2 in macrophages with regard to CTL chemotaxis, cytotoxic function, and vascular endothelial cell tube formation were assessed using in vitro functional experiments. Immunoprecipitation (IP), real-time PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which cyclin G2 regulates CTLs and vascular endothelial cells.
resultsWe found that cyclin G2 expression was upregulated in macrophages after IFN-γ treatment. Upregulated cyclin G2 inhibited lung and colon cancer growth by increasing the secretion of its downstream effector CXCL9, which promoted CTL chemotaxis and suppressed vascular endothelial cell tube formation. Moreover, cyclin G2 increased CXCL9 mRNA levels by promoting STAT1 nuclear translocation. In addition, cyclin G2 promoted the activation of the STAT1 signaling pathway, which was dependent on PP2Ac.
conclusionsCyclin G2 is upregulated by IFN-γ in macrophages, promotes the secretion of CXCL9 to increase CTL chemotaxis and inhibit angiogenesis to suppress tumor growth. Our findings suggest that targeting cyclin G2 could benefit future immunotherapy.
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