Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36565377›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2024

Myocarditis mortality with and without COVID-19: insights from a national registry.

Xavier Bemtgen, Klaus Kaier, Jonathan Rilinger, Felix Rottmann, Alexander Supady, Constantin von Zur Mühlen, Dirk Westermann, Tobias Wengenmayer, Dawid L Staudacher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. "Bridging the clinical, molecular and genetic perspectives on myocarditis in post-COVID-19 era".International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Review
  2. Myocarditis incidence and hospital mortality from 2007 to 2022: insights from a nationwide registry.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Catheter based left atrial appendage closure in-hospital outcomes in Germany from 2016 to 2020.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. The Clinical Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis.Circulation research · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xavier BemtgenInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. xavier.bemtgen@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-7729
Klaus KaierFaculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Jonathan RilingerDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Felix RottmannDepartment of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Alexander SupadyInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Constantin von Zur MühlenDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Dirk WestermannDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Tobias WengenmayerInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Dawid L StaudacherInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMyocarditis in context of a SARS-CoV-2 infection is vividly discussed in the literature. Real-world data however are sparse, and relevance of the myocarditis diagnosis to outcome in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is unclear. PATIENTS AND

methodsRetrospective analysis of 75,304 patients hospitalized in Germany with myocarditis between 2007 and 2020 is reported by DESTATIS. Patients hospitalized between 01/2016 and 12/2019 served as reference cohort for the COVID-19 patients hospitalized in 2020.

resultsA total of 75,304 patients were hospitalized between 2007 and 2020 (age 42.5 years, 30.1% female, hospital mortality 2.4%). In the reference cohort, 24,474 patients (age 42.8 years, 29.5% female, hospital mortality 2.2%) were registered. In 2020, annual myocarditis hospitalizations dropped by 19.6% compared to reference (4921 vs. 6119 annual hospitalization), of which 443/4921 (9.0%) were connected to COVID-19. In 2020, hospital mortality of myocarditis in non-COVID-19 patients increased significantly compared to reference (2.9% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.008, OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.08-1.60). In COVID-19 myocarditis, hospital mortality was even higher compared to reference (13.5% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.001, OR 6.93, 95% CI 5.18-9.18).

conclusionThe burden of patients with myocarditis and COVID-19 in 2020 was low. Hospital mortality was more than sixfold higher in patients with myocarditis and COVID-19 compared to those with myocarditis but without COVID-19.

Indexed as

COVID-19MyocarditisAdultFemaleHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansMaleRegistriesRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2COVID-19HospitalizationMyocarditisNational registrySARS-CoV-2Survival

Identifiers

PMID36565377
PMCPMC9789728

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.