ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Oral GS-441524 derivatives: Next-generation inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors, Molnupiravir and VV116, for Oral Treatment of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Combination of Chinese herbal medicine and conventional western medicine for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody XAV-19: phase II/III randomized placebo-controlled trial shows acceleration to recovery for mild to moderate patients with COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- A decoy virus strategy using plant-produced SARS-CoV-2 virus-like-particles to inhibit infection and lung injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- TRAIL of Hope: Bioactive Dietary Component-Driven Carrier-Free Nanoplatforms for Synergistically Enhanced Tumor Multimodal Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Optimizing drug combinations to resurrect the potency of failed antibody therapy against emerging COVID-19 variants using IDentif.AI.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Analysis of risk factors, clinical data, treatment outcomes for cats with feline infectious peritonitis using GS-441524 (2020-2024).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Dual Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Network Pharmacology and Experiment Verification-Based Strategy for Exploring the Mechanisms of Shuqing Granule in the Treatment of COVID-19.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Game Changers: Blockbuster Small-Molecule Drugs Approved by the FDA in 2024.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Eco-sustainable chromatographic method for the determination of favipiravir and nitazoxanide for COVID-19: application to human plasma.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
- Dose determination of VV116 in COVID-19 patients with severe liver dysfunction: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, Exerts Anti-COVID-19 Effects and Boosts Immunity in Human Subjects.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Azvudine versus paxlovid for oral treatment of COVID-19 in Chinese patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Real-World Effectiveness Study of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir or Molnupiravir in Hospitalized Unvaccinated Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Moderate COVID-19 at Presentation.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2024Article
- Oral Bioavailability, Tissue Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Panduratin A fromDrug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- Exosomes and SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Oral bemnifosbuvir (AT-527) vs placebo in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in an outpatient setting (MORNINGSKY).Future virology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
GS-441524, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor, is a 1'-CN-substituted adenine C-nucleoside analog with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. However, the low oral bioavailability of GS-441524 poses a challenge to its anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy. Remdesivir, the intravenously administered version (version 1.0) of GS-441524, is the first FDA-approved agent for SARS-CoV-2 treatment. However, clinical trials have presented conflicting evidence on the value of remdesivir in COVID-19. Therefore, oral GS-441524 derivatives (VV116, ATV006, and GS-621763; version 2.0, targeting highly conserved viral RdRp) could be considered as game-changers in treating COVID-19 because oral administration has the potential to maximize clinical benefits, including decreased duration of COVID-19 and reduced post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as limited side effects such as hepatic accumulation. This review summarizes the current research related to the oral derivatives of GS-441524, and provides important insights into the potential factors underlying the controversial observations regarding the clinical efficacy of remdesivir; overall, it offers an effective launching pad for developing an oral version of GS-441524.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.