ArticleFrontiers in surgery2022
High fidelity simulation of the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach: Validation of the UpSurgeOn TNS Box.
Article in Frontiers in surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07568366 (The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery: a Single-site Prospective Feasibility and Exploratory Study (IDEAL Stage 1 and 2a)
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Training models and simulators for endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- Real-time visualization of endoscope-brain interactions using a transparent ventricular model.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Article
- The Role of Virtual and Augmented Reality in Transsphenoidal Surgical Approaches to the Sellar and Parasellar Area-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Frontiers of Innovation and Clinical Application in Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Anatomical Features of the Sphenoid Sinus and Their Clinical Significance in Transsphenoidal Accesses to the Pituitary Gland and Parasellar Region: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- History of medical education in neurosurgical training: moving from illustrations and cadaver dissections to virtual simulation.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Training in Endoscopic Endonasal Neurosurgical Procedures: A Systematic Review of Available Models.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2025Article
- A Handheld Robot for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery: Updated Preclinical Validation Study (IDEAL Stage 0).Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2025Article
- Automated surgical skill assessment in endoscopic pituitary surgery using real-time instrument tracking on a high-fidelity bench-top phantom.Healthcare technology letters · 2024Article
- Blood Harmonisation of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgical Video Frames on Phantom Models.Proceedings. IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging · 2024Article
- Mapping patient education encounters in elective surgery: a cohort study and cross-sectional survey.BMJ open quality · 2024Article
- Handheld robotic device for endoscopic neurosurgery: system integration and pre-clinical evaluation.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2024Article
- Latex vascular injection as method for enhanced neurosurgical training and skills.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Article
- Neurosurgical Education Using Cadaver-Free Brain Models and Augmented Reality: First Experiences from a Hands-On Simulation Course for Medical Students.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- The use of advanced technology for preoperative planning in cranial surgery - A survey by the EANS Young Neurosurgeons Committee.Brain & spine · 2023Article
- Image-guidance in endoscopic pituitary surgery: an in-silico study of errors involved in tracker-based techniques.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is an established technique for the resection of sellar and suprasellar lesions. The approach is technically challenging and has a steep learning curve. Simulation is a growing training tool, allowing the acquisition of technical skills pre-clinically and potentially resulting in a shorter clinical learning curve. We sought validation of the UpSurgeOn Transsphenoidal (TNS) Box for the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the pituitary fossa. Methods: Novice, intermediate and expert neurosurgeons were recruited from multiple centres. Participants were asked to perform a sphenoidotomy using the TNS model. Face and content validity were evaluated using a post-task questionnaire. Construct validity was assessed through post-hoc blinded scoring of operative videos using a Modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (mOSAT) and a Task-Specific Technical Skill scoring system. Results: Fifteen participants were recruited of which Conclusion: The TNS Box simulation model has demonstrated face, content, and construct validity as a simulator for the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. With the steep learning curve associated with endoscopic approaches, this simulation model has the potential as a valuable training tool in neurosurgery with further improvements including advancing simulation materials, dynamic models (e.g., with blood flow) and synergy with complementary technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence and augmented reality).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.