ArticlePolymers2022
Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects by Combined Delivery of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, TGF-β1 and BMP-4 in Heparin-Conjugated Fibrin Hydrogel.
Article in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Efficacy of Endogenous Stem Cells Recruiting Hydrogels and Stem Cell-loaded Hydrogels in Knee Cartilage Regeneration: A Meta- analysis.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Data-Driven Development of Biomedical Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery: Clinical Applications and Emerging Machine-Learning Approaches.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Clinical Application of Heparin-Conjugated Fibrin Hydrogel in the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects of the Talus: Preliminary Results.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Human BMP4 mRNA Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticle for Bone and Articular Cartilage Repair in Aged Mice.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Heparin-Based Biomaterials for Sustained Release of Growth Factors for Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Osteointegration and Fusion After TLIF: Trabecular Titanium Cage with SVF-Hydrogel Compared with PEEK Cage.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- Hydrogels for Osteochondral Interface Regeneration: Biomaterial Types, Processes, and Animal Models.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cell Technologies in Treating Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus: A Clinical Case and Brief Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Continuous pore size gradient enhances zonal-specific differentiation of stem cells in an osteochondral scaffold.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances.MedComm · 2025Review
- Advances in growth factor-containing 3D printed scaffolds in orthopedics.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Review
- Application of Biocomposite Hydrogel With Developed Trabecular Cage in Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Clinical Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Evolving functional hydrogel strategies for cartilage engineering: from fundamentals to functional regeneration.Burns & trauma · 2025Review
- Emerging Strategies for Bioactive Agent-Loaded Xenogeneic Bone Scaffolds in Regenerative Medicine: A Comprehensive Review.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Repair of Rat Calvarial Critical-Sized Defects Using Heparin-Conjugated Fibrin Hydrogel Containing BMP-2 and Adipose-Derived Pericytes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A review of advanced hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The regeneration of cartilage and osteochondral defects remains one of the most challenging clinical problems in orthopedic surgery. Currently, tissue-engineering techniques based on the delivery of appropriate growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in hydrogel scaffolds are considered as the most promising therapeutic strategy for osteochondral defects regeneration. In this study, we fabricated a heparin-conjugated fibrin (HCF) hydrogel with synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SDMSCs), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) to repair osteochondral defects in a rabbit model. An in vitro study showed that HCF hydrogel exhibited good biocompatibility, a slow degradation rate and sustained release of TGF-β1 and BMP-4 over 4 weeks. Macroscopic and histological evaluations revealed that implantation of HCF hydrogel with SDMSCs, TGF-β1 and BMP-4 significantly enhanced the regeneration of hyaline cartilage and the subchondral bone plate in osteochondral defects within 12 weeks compared to hydrogels with SDMSCs or growth factors alone. Thus, these data suggest that combined delivery of SDMSCs with TGF-β1 and BMP-4 in HCF hydrogel may synergistically enhance the therapeutic efficacy of osteochondral defect repair of the knee joints.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.