ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Artificial Insemination as an Alternative Transmission Route for African Swine Fever Virus.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Duration of immunity following infection with moderately virulent ASFV.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Management and Biosecurity Practices of Pig Farms in Nepal.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Addition of Copper Chloride and Zinc Chloride to Liquid-Stored Pig Semen Reduces Bacterial Growth Without Impairing Sperm Quality.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Implications for safety:Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative epidemiology and preparedness for African swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in four major Asian swine industries.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Farm management and breeding-related animal movement associated with African swine fever risk in smallholder pig farms in West Timor, Indonesia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Infection of the Conceptus With African Swine Fever Virus Following Artificial Insemination in Sows: A Pathological Study.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Insights and progress on epidemic characteristics, pathogenesis, and preventive measures of African swine fever virus: A review.Virulence · 2025Review
- Changes in saliva and serum analytes in domestic pigs and wild boar experimentally infected with African swine fever virus.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Safety of Live Attenuated ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR Vaccination in Sows With Advanced Pregnancies.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Maternal immunity and African swine fever virus: understanding the limits of passive protection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Establishment of a Suitable Diagnostic Workflow to Ensure Sensitive Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Genome in Porcine Semen.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Stability of a surrogate African swine fever-like algal virus in corn- and soybean-based feed ingredients during extended storage andFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Resumption of production operations during the silent disposal period of African swine fever outbreaks: a case study.Porcine health management · 2023Article
- Article
- Innovative Research Offers New Hope for Managing African Swine Fever Better in Resource-Limited Smallholder Farming Settings: A Timely Update.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Composting of Wild Boar Carcasses in Lithuania Leads to Inactivation of African Swine Fever Virus in Wintertime.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The rapid spread of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), causing severe disease with often high fatality rates in Eurasian suids, prevails as a threat for pig populations and dependent industries worldwide. Although advancing scientific progress continually enhances our understanding of ASFV pathogenesis, alternative transmission routes for ASFV have yet to be assessed. Here, we demonstrate that ASFV can efficiently be transferred from infected boars to naïve recipient gilts through artificial insemination (AI). In modern pig production, semen from boar studs often supplies many sow herds. Thus, the infection of a boar stud presents the risk of rapidly and widely distributing ASFV within or between countries. Daily blood and semen collection from four boars after intramuscular inoculation with ASFV strain 'Estonia 2014' resulted in the detection of ASFV genomes in the semen as early as 2 dpi, in blood at 1 dpi while semen quality remained largely unaffected. Ultimately, after insemination with extended semen, 7 of 14 gilts were ASFV positive by 7 days post insemination, and all gilts were ASFV positive by 35 days post insemination. Twelve out of 13 pregnant gilts aborted or resorbed at the onset of fever. A proportion of fetuses originating from the remaining gilt showed both abnormalities and replication of ASFV in fetal tissues. Thus, we present evidence for the efficient transmission of ASFV to gilts via AI and also to implanted embryos. These results underline the critical role that boar semen could play in ASFV transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.