ArticleNutrients2022
Caffeine Intake throughout Pregnancy, and Factors Associated with Non-Compliance with Recommendations: A Cohort Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between antenatal coffee consumption and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Prolonged high-dose prenatal caffeine exposure induces organ-specific developmental toxicity: renal p53 downregulation and hepatic caspase-3 upregulation in neonatal mice, supported with in silico studies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- The protective effect of pregnancy on risk for suicide attempt in a Swedish national cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- TidyMass2: advancing LC-MS untargeted metabolomics through metabolite origin inference and metabolic feature-based functional module analysis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Common Questions and Misconceptions About Energy Drinks: What Does the Scientific Evidence Really Show?Nutrients · 2024Review
- Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maternal caffeine consumption is associated with adverse gestational outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the intake of caffeine and factors associated with the non-adherence to caffeine intake recommendations in a cohort of 463 women before (T0) and in each trimester of gestation (T1, T2, and T3), by using validated questionnaires. Caffeine intake (median (mg/day), IQR) was 100.0 (181.1) at T0, 9.42 (66.2) at T1, 12.5 (65.6) at T2, and 14.0 (61.1) at T3 (p < 0.001). Non-compliance prevalence (intake > 200 mg/day) was 6.2% at T1, 4.2% at T2, and 2.7% at T3. Not being an active smoker at T1 (OR = 0.17; 95% CI 0.05−0.59) and T2 (OR = 0.22; 95% CI 0.09−0.52), adherence to the Mediterranean Diet at T1 (OR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.28−0.88) and T2 (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.15−1.02), and moderate physical activity at T1 (OR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.28−0.88) were inversely associated with caffeine consumption. Although caffeine intake may be considered low, intake prevalence increases throughout pregnancy. Although the main source of caffeine during pregnancy is coffee, attention must be also paid to the increasingly intake of chocolate, of which the effect during pregnancy is controversial. Smoking, non-adherence to a good quality diet, and light physical activity are associated with a higher caffeine intake and a lower compliance with caffeine intake recommendations. Perinatal dietary and lifestyle educational policies are needed.
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Registered trials
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