ArticleMetabolites2022
Identification of D-Limonene Metabolites by LC-HRMS: An Exploratory Metabolic Switching Approach in a Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity.
Article in Metabolites, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated metabolomics and machine learning identify predictive biomarkers via SHAP analysis for sintilimab-induced rash in lung cancer patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Human exposure to green spaces and monoterpenes: discovery and use of α-pinene metabolites as biomarkers.Environment international · 2025Article
- Effects of Essential Oil Inhalation on the Enhancement of Plasma and Liver Lipid Metabolism in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential ofNarra J · 2025Article
- Cinnamic Acid, Perillic Acid, and Tryptophan Metabolites Differentially Regulate Ion Transport and Serotonin Metabolism and Signaling in the Mouse Ileum In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Evaluation of urinary limonene metabolites as biomarkers of exposure to greenness.Environmental research · 2024Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Metabolic switching has been raised as an important phenomenon to be studied in relation to xenobiotic metabolites, since the dose of the exposure determines the formation of metabolites and their bioactivity. Limonene is a monoterpene mostly found in citrus fruits with health activity, and its phase II metabolites and activity are still not clear. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of D-limonene in the development of diet-induced obesity in mice and to investigate metabolites that could be generated in a study assessing different doses of supplementation. Animals were induced to obesity and supplemented with 0.1% or 0.8% D-limonene added to the feed. Limonene phase I and II metabolites were identified in liver and urine by LC-ESI-qToF-MS/MS. To the best of our knowledge, in this study three new phase I metabolites and ten different phase II metabolites were first attributed to D-limonene. Supplementation with 0.1% D-limonene was associated with lower weight gain and a trend to lower accumulation of adipose tissue deposits. The metabolites limonene-8,9-diol, perillic acid and perillic acid-8,9-diol should be explored in future research as anti-obesogenic agents as they were the metabolites most abundant in the urine of mice that received 0.1% D-limonene in their feed.
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