ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2022
The Effect of Sunscreens on the Skin Barrier.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Topical Application of Plant-Based Products on Skin Aging in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Update on the Research of an Emulgel for the Effective Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Clinical Investigation in Children.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Enhancing the Cosmetic Potential of Aloe Vera Gel by Kombucha-Mediated Fermentation: Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Moisturizing Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Biosafety Profile of Carbomer-Based Hydrogel Formulations Incorporating Phosphorus Derivatives.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of an Emulgel for the Effective Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Biocompatibility and Clinical Investigation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Awareness and knowledge of sun exposure and use of sunscreen among adults in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- N95 respirators alter facial skin physiological functions and lipidome composition in health care personnel.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Scalp Hydration and pH Values in Hijab-Wearing and Non-Hijab-Wearing Women.International journal of women's health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transepidermal water-loss (TEWL), stratum-corneum hydration (SCH), erythema, elasticity, pH and melanin, are parameters of the epidermal barrier function and skin homeostasis that objectively indicate the integrity of the skin barrier. Sunscreens are necessary to protect people from skin cancer, but could modify the skin barrier function. Nevertheless, there are not many studies on their impact on skin homeostasis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of sunscreens on the epidermal-barrier function and skin homeostasis of healthy individuals. A prospective observational study was designed. TEWL, SCH, erythema, elasticity, pH and melanin were measured on the cheek and volar region of the forearm, using non-invasive methods before and after applying sunscreen. Four different sunscreens were tested, one full-body sunscreen and three facial sunscreens. The study included 51 healthy volunteers, 72.5% (37/51) women, with a mean age of 41.63 years. After full-body sunscreen application, temperature increased by 0.68 °C (p < 0.001), pH by 0.16 units (p < 0.001), and elasticity by 0.22% (p = 0.039), while melanin decreased by 10.95 AU (p < 0.001), erythema by 28.79 AU (p < 0.001) and TEWL by 0.66 g·m−2·h−1 (p = 0.019). On the cheek, facial sunscreen 1 increased temperature by 0.51 °C, TEWL 0.7 g·m−2·h−1 (p < 0.05), pH by 0.12 units (p < 0.001) and elasticity by 0.059% (p < 0.001), but decreased erythema by 19.87 AU (p < 0.05) and SCH by 5.63 AU (p < 0.001). Facial sunscreen 2 increased temperature by 0.67 °C, TEWL by 1.93 g·m−2·h−1 (p < 0.001), pH by 0.42 units (p < 0.001) and elasticity by 0.12% (p < 0.01), but decreased melanin by 15.2 AU (p = 0.000), erythema by 38.61 AU (p < 0.05) and SCH by 10.80 AU (p < 0.01). Facial sunscreen 3 increased temperature by 1.15 °C, TEWL by 2.29 g·m−2·h−1 (p < 0.001), pH by 0.46 units (p < 0.001) and elasticity by 0.15% (p < 0.01), but decreased erythema by 35.7 (p < 0.05) and SCH by 10.80 AU (p < 0.01). In conclusion, sunscreen could slightly modify the skin-barrier function. All of them decreased erythema, likely in relation to anti-inflammatory power.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.